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    rud

    See also rodayāmi, rurudiṣāmi.

    Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary

    ☞ p. 707.
    rud f. (rut)

    1 Grief.

    2 Pain, affliction.

    3 Disease.

    4 Sound, noise.

    5 Cry, wail, lamentation.

    E. ruda to weep, aff. kvip.

    Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

    ☞ p. 632, col. 2.
    rud (laira) roditi 2. a. To weep,
    to cry. With upa and ā to sym-
    pathize, or weep with.
    ☞ p. 632, col. 2.
    rud (t) 5. f. Grief; disease; noise.

    Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

    ☞ p. 773, col. 1.
    rud RUD, ii. 2, Par. (in epic poetry

    also Ātm., Rām. 2, 52, 19, and i. 1,

    Chr. 24, 46). 1. To weep, Vikr. 83,

    12; Hit. 99, 3 (read rudatī); to cry,

    MBh. 2, 2616. 2. To bewail, Bhaṭṭ.

    5, 5. Ptcple. of the pf. pass. rudita. 1.

    Wept. 2. Weeping. n. Weeping, Daśak.

    in Chr. 184, 10. Comp. Araṇya-, n. com-

    plaining of one's griefs to a forest, i. e.

    without being heard, Amar. 76. Fre-

    quent. rorud, rorudya, To weep, to cry

    excessively, MBh. 3, 10192. Caus. ro

    daya, To cause to weep, Utt. Rāmac.

    85, 3. — With the prep. anu anu, To

    weep, Nal. 3, 32. — With upā upa-ā,

    To bewail, Bhaṭṭ. 2, 4. — With pra pra,

    1. To burst into tears, MBh. 3, 2919.

    2. To weep, to cry, Rām. 1, 17, 22. pra-

    rudita, 1. Wept. 2. Weeping, Brāh-

    maṇav. 3, 21. 3. Beginning to weep,

    Vikr. d. 153. — With vi vi, To weep,

    Bhāg. P. 3, 17, 13. virudita, n. Weep-

    ing, Utt. Rāmac. 73, 11. — Cf. Lat.

    rudere; O.H.G. riuzan; A.S. reotan;

    probably (frequent., cf. raudra).

    Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1st ed.)

    ☞ p. 849, col. 1.
    rud 1 . rud [cf. rt. 1. ru], cl. 2. P. roditi

    (Ved. also cl. 6. rudati, ep. also A. rudate),

    Impf. arodīt or arodat (Pāṇ. VII. 3, 98, 99; 1st

    sing. arodam, 3rd pl. arudan), Impv. roditu (2nd

    sing. rudihi), Perf. ruroda (ep. rurude), 2nd Fut.

    rodiṣyati (Ved. rotsyati), Aor. arodīt (3rd pl.

    arodiṣus) or arudat, roditum, to weep, cry, shed

    tears, wail, lament; to bewail, deplore; to roar, howl:

    Pass. rudyate, Aor. arodi: Caus. rodayati, -yi-

    tum, Aor. arūrudat, to cause to weep or lament:

    Desid. rurudiṣati: Intens. rorudyate, rorotti, to

    weep very much; [cf. perhaps Gr. ὀῤῥωδέω; Lat.

    rud-o; Old Germ. riuzan; Angl. Sax. reotan;

    Lith. raudoju; Slav. rudajun.]
    ☞ p. 849, col. 1.
    2. rud, t, t, t, weeping, crying, lamenting [cf.

    agha-r°]; (t), f. cry, wail, lamentation; sound,

    noise; grief; pain, affliction; disease.

    Lanman’s Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary

    ☞ p. 231, col. 1.
    √rud (róditi [631], rudánti; ruróda; rodiṣyáti; ruditá; róditum; ruditvā́; -rúdya).

    —1. cry, weep;

    —2. weep for, lament. [cf. Lat. rud-ere, ‘roar’; AS. reōt-an, ‘weep.’]

    Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

    ☞ p. 914, col. 3.
    rud 2 P. (roditi, rudita; desid. rurudiṣati)

    1 To cry, weep, lament, mourn, shed tears; nirādhāro hā rodimi kathaya keṣāmiha puraḥ G. L. 4; api grāvā rādityapi dalati vajrasya hṛdayaṃ U. 1. 28.

    2 To howl, roar, scream. WITH pra to weep bitterly.
    ☞ p. 914, col. 3.
    rud f.

    1A cry, wail.

    2 Sound, noise.

    3 Grief, pain, affliction.

    4 Disease.

    Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

    ☞ p. 451.
    rud roditi rudati roditi ruda°te rodati roda°te pp. rudita (q.v.) cry, weep, lament. C. rodáyati cause to weep or lament. I. rorudyate weep very much.

    — anu weep after or for (acc.).

    pra burst into tears, begin to weep or lament; cry aloud; weep with (acc.).

    vi weep or cry aloud, sob.

    Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary

    ☞ p. 256, col. 1.
    rud RUD, VI. ruda, P. (V., E.) Ā. (E.)
    II. P. roditi, I.P. Ā. roda (E.), weep,
    lament; bewail: ps. pr. pt. lc. rudyamāne,
    when weeping is heard; pp. rudita, wept;
    weeping; wet with tears; cs. rodáya, P.
    cause to weep or wail; intv. rorud, P. Ā.
    wail bitterly. anu, weep afterwards; weep
    for (ac.); join in the lamentation of, condole
    with (ac.). pra, begin to weep, wail, or
    howl; weep bitterly, howl; weep with (ac.):
    pp. prarudita, having burst into tears, weeping.
    vi, weep, wail, or howl aloud.

    Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (2nd ed.)

    ☞ p. 883, col. 1.
    1. rud (cf. √ 1. ru) cl. 2. P. (Dhātup. xxiv, 59; cf. Pāṇ. vii, 2, 76) roditi (Ved. and ep. also rudati, °te and rodati, °te; pf. ruroda, rurude, MBh.; aor. árudat, AV. &c.; arodīt, °diṣuḥ Gr.; araudiṣīt, BhP.; fut. roditā Gr.; rodiṣyati, Kāv.; inf. roditum, ib.; ind.p. ruditvā or roditvā, MBh.; -rudya, Kathās.), to weep, cry, howl, roar, lament, wail, RV. &c. &c.; to bewail, deplore, ib. : Pass. rudyate (aor. arodi; rudyamāne, ‘while weeping is heard’, Mn. iv, 108) : Caus. rodáyati (aor. arūrudat), to cause to weep or lament, RV. &c. &c.: Desid. rurudiṣati Gr. (cf. rurudiṣā, °ṣu) : Intens. rorudyate, rorotti (p. rorudyamāna, rorudat), MBh.
    ☞ p. 883, col. 1.
    rud [cf. Lat. rudere; Lith. rùdis, raudà, raudóti; Angl.Sax. reótan.]
    ☞ p. 883, col. 1.
    2. rud mfn. (ifc.), weeping, crying &c. (See agharúd and bhava-rud)
    ☞ p. 883, col. 1.
    rud f. cry, wail
    ☞ p. 883, col. 1.
    sound
    ☞ p. 883, col. 1.
    grief, pain
    ☞ p. 883, col. 1.
    disease, W.

    Śabdasāgara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

    ☞ p. 606, col. 2.
    rud (ira) rudira

    r. 2nd cl. (roditi)

    1. To weep.

    2. To call or address
    weeping.

    With upa and āṅ, To weep for another, to sympathize.

    ☞ p. 606, col. 2.
    rud

    f. (-rut)

    1. Grief.

    2. Pain, affliction.

    3. Disease.

    4. Sound, noise.

    5.
    Cry, wail, lamentation.

    E. rud to weep, aff. kvip .

    Apte Enlarged Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

    ☞ vol. 3, p. 1344.
    rud 2 P. (roditi, rudita; desid. rurudiṣati) 1 To cry, weep, lament, mourn, shed tears; nirādhāro hā rodimi kathaya keṣāmiha puraḥ G. L.4; api grāvā rodityapi dalati vajrasya hṛdayam U.1.28. -2 To howl, roar, scream. -With pra to weep bitterly.
    ☞ vol. 3, p. 1344.
    rud f. 1 A cry, wail. -2 Sound, noise. -3 Grief, pain, affliction. -4 Disease.

    Burnouf Dictionnaire Sanscrit-Français

    ☞ p. 543, col. 1.
    *rud rud. rodimi 2; imp. 2p. rudihi; p. ruroda; etc.; ạ. arudam; ppr. rudat; pp. rudita. Couler, Vd.

    Pleurer, verser des larmes.

    Pleurer qqn. ou qqc. ac.

    ☞ p. 543, col. 1.
    rud rud f. pleurs;

    chagrin, affliction.

    Maladie, cf. ruj.

    Cri; bruit; cf. ru.

    Stchoupak Dictionnaire Sanscrit-Français

    ☞ p. 607, col. 1.
    1 RUD- roditi rudati -te rodati -te; ruroda rurude; arudat araudiṣīt; rodiṣyati; rudyate rorudyate rodayati; rudita- roditum ruditvā roditvā °rudya — pleurer, crier, se lamenter, déplorer; caus. faire pleurer; a. v. déploré; qui pleure, etc.; mouillé de larmes; nt. pleurs, etc.
    ☞ p. 607, col. 1.
    2 rud- ag. ifc. qui crie.

    Böhtlingk and Roth Grosses Petersburger Wörterbuch

    ☞ vol. 6, p. 385.
    1. rud , róditi (aśruvimocane) DHĀTUP. 24, 59. P. 7, 2, 76. VOP. 9, 26. ved. auch rudáti; rodiṣyati und rotsyati ( ŚAT. BR.); arodīt und arodat P. 7, 3, 98. fg. VOP. 8, 34. 9, 27.

    1) jammern, heulen, weinen: tvamètānrûdàto jakṣâtàścāyôdhayò rajâsa indra pā̀re ṚV. 1, 33, 7. rùdàtya1^\ḥ purûṣe hàte AV. 11, 9, 14. 14, 2, 60. TS. 1, 5, 1, 1. TBR. 2, 2, 9, 4. ŚAT. BR. 9, 1, 1, 6. ṢAḌV. BR. 5, 7. 10. ĀŚV. GṚHY. 1, 6, 8. GOBH. 3, 3, 22. rodimi u.s.w. MBH. 3, 331. 2375. R. 5, 34, 21. ṚT. 6, 26. VIKR. 83, 12. Spr. 28. KATHĀS. 11, 63. BHĀG. P. 1, 7, 47. MĀRK. P. 52, 4. PAÑCAT. 51, 11. 98, 15. HIT. 99, 4. VET. in LA. (III) 25, 20. rudantyaśrumukhā gāvaḥ, daivatāni rudantīva BHĀG. P. 1, 14, 19. jhillikā virutairdīrghai rudantīva R. 2, 96, 11. Spr. 575. rudimaḥ HARIV. 10282. rudantaṃ prarudanti Spr. 5396. R. 1, 46, 20. 2, 64, 59. 5, 60, 17. RAGH. 8, 84. vāhānrudataḥ BHĀG. P. 1, 14, 13. rudatī ĀŚV. GṚHY. 1, 8, 4. M. 3, 33. MBH. 3, 2107. 2374. 2376. 2424. 2687. 5, 5986. 6000. 7025. R. 1, 54, 2. 7 (mit der ed. Bomb. rudatī zu lesen). 4, 18, 4. 19, 6. MEGH. 110. ŚIŚ. 9, 34. KATHĀS. 13, 130. 25, 141. 29, 90. 31, 8. VET. in LA. (III) 17, 19. 24, 20. rudantī MBH. 3, 2686. R. 2, 40, 29. 3, 51, 42. 5, 26, 42. ŚĀK. 54, 15 (!). KATHĀS. 25, 139. HIT. 99, 3 (rudatī ed. JOHNS. 2090). rodantī HARIV. 11035. rudihi P. 6, 4, 101, Sch. KATHĀS. 11, 59. mā pitā ruda (kranda MBH. 1, 6201 ed. Calc., aber ruda ed. Bomb.) BRĀHMAṆ. 3, 22. arudat RAGH. 13, 59. dhārāśruṇā KATHĀS. 30, 27. mā rudaḥ R. 1, 46, 20. mā rodīḥ MBH. 3, 593. R. GORR. 1, 47, 20 (rodhīḥ gedr.). MĀRK. P. 52, 5. BHĀG. P. 1, 7, 47. arodīt BHAṬṬ. 15, 71. 17, 48. arodat ebend. araudiṣīt BHĀG. P. 10, 62, 35. ruroda MBH. 3, 2352. 2685. R. 1, 2, 14. MĀRK. P. 52, 5. PAÑCAT. 50, 10. ruruduḥ MBH. 2, 2616. R. 2, 41, 7. 57, 31. 81, 8. rodiṣyasi Spr. 28. ruditvā P. 1, 2, 8. VOP. 19, 16. 26, 207. MBH. 3, 2750. R. 2, 72, 26. ŚĀK. 53, 22. BHAṬṬ. 3, 50. roditvā MBH. 13, 5410. roditum ŚĀK. 126, v. l. KATHĀS. 11, 63. 13, 127. 129. VET. in LA. (III) 14, 8. 21, 18. med. : rudate MBH. 13, 748. HARIV. 11072 (S. 792). rudāmahe 4817. rudeta Spr. 5492. devī rodatām MBH. 5, 7095. rodamāna N. (BRUCE) 11, 4. rudamāna MĀRK. P. 25, 10. rurude R. 2, 52, 19. pass. impers.: kimevaṃ rudyate bhavatā PAÑCAT. 98, 13. rudyamāne wenn geweint wird M. 4, 108. rudyamāna MĀRK. 51, 80 fehlerhaft für rudamāna. rudita n. das Jammern, Heulen, Weinen AK. 1, 1, 7, 35. 3, 4, 16, 93. H. 1402. HALĀY. 3, 17. HARIV. 4817. kiṃ te vilapitenaivaṃ kṛpaṇaṃ ruditena ca R. 2, 44, 2. 105, 35 (vilāparudite ed. Bomb.). R. GORR. 2, 66, 14. °śabda 4, 20, 21. SUŚR. 1, 108, 17. RAGH. 14, 69. fg. MEGH. 82. Spr. 3991. VARĀH. BṚH. S. 46, 25. 49. 51, 29. 68, 73. 86, 21. 97, 6. bālānāṃ ruditaṃ balam BRAHMAVAIV. P. im ŚKDR. (u. bala). KATHĀS. 47, 47. DAŚAK. in BENF. Chr. 184, 10. pl. R. 5, 26, 39. Spr. 186. SĀH. D. 103. araṇya° n. sg. und pl. ein Weinen in den Wald hinein so v. a. — vor tauben Ohren Spr. 2770. 98.

    — 2) bejammern, beweinen: mā tvā̂ghàrudô rudan AV. 8, 1, 19. jī̀vaṃ rûdanti ṚV. 10, 40, 10. ŚAT. BR. 12, 4, 1, 4. 3, 8. 5, 1, 17. 14, 4, 2, 19. yatheyaṃ strī pautramaghaṃ na rodāt PĀR. GṚHY. 1, 5. Einschiebsel nach ĀŚV. GṚHY. 1, 13. māhaṃ putryamaghaṃ rudam KAUṢ. UP. 2, 8; vgl. na putrarodaṃ roditi, mā putrarodaṃ rudam CHĀND. UP. 3, 15, 2. taṃ rudanti MBH. 5, 1547. mā mṛtaṃ rudatī bhava R. 2, 74, 2. 6, 82, 11. BHAṬṬ. 5, 5. rudita von Thränen benetzt MBH. 13, 1577; vgl. u. ava .

    — caus. rodáyati jammern —, heulen —, weinen machen: pàṇim ṚV. 10, 67, 6. annâmàbhītyā̂rodayanmuṣā̀yan 99, 5. ŚAT. BR. 11, 6, 3, 7. 14, 6, 9, 5. CHĀND. UP. 3, 16, 3. MBH. 13, 748. KUMĀRAS. 5, 56. UTTARAR. 66, 3 (85, 3).

    — desid. rurudiṣati P. 1, 2, 8. VOP. 19, 16.

    — Vgl. rurudiṣu .

    — intens. heftig jammern u.s.w.: rorudyethām MBH. 1, 6182 (nach der Lesart der ed. Bomb.). rorudyamāna BRĀHMAṆ. 1, 4 (rorūyamāṇa MBH. 1, 6112). BHAṬṬ. 3, 29. rorudatī MBH. 3, 11092 (S. 572). HARIV. 4818.

    — Vgl. rorudā .

    — anu

    1) hinterdrein weinen NALOD. 3, 32.

    — 2) weinen um, über; mit acc. ad ŚĀK. 135.

    — 3) Jmd (acc.) nachjammern, in Jmdes Jammern einstimmen: alipaṅktiḥ - virutaiḥ - karuṇasvanairiyaṃ guruśokāmanurodatīva (!) mām KUMĀRAS. 4, 15. — flere R. 2, 55, 21 ed. Seramp. nach WESTERGAARD und BOPP.

    — abhi jammernd einen Laut ausstossen: bhṛṅgarājābhiruditāḥ - madhurasvarāḥ R. 3, 79, 13.

    — Vgl. abhiroruda .

    — ava Thränen fallen lassen auf: avarudita worauf Thränen gefallen sind MBH. 13, 4367.

    — upā bejammern, beweinen; mit acc. BHAṬṬ. 2, 4.

    — pra zu jammern —, zu heulen —, zu weinen anfangen; laut jammern, heulen ŚĀṄKH. GṚHY. 1, 15, 2. śvānaḥ prarudanta iva VARĀH. BṚH. S. 46, 68. prarudantam R. GORR. 1, 47, 20. rudantamanyaḥ prarudannupaiti 5, 60, 17. praruroda MBH. 1, 5218. 6199. 3, 2724. 2919. 2947. R. 5, 36, 25. KATHĀS. 97, 43. prārudan BHAṬṬ. 17, 71. prārodīt KATHĀS. 61, 22. prarudya 97,33. Verz. d. Oxf. H. 257,a, N. 3. na garbhasthaḥ praroditi SUŚR. 1, 319, 20. jagāma mātuḥ prarudansakāśam weinend BHĀG. P. 4, 8, 14. prarudatī MBH. 2, 2626. KATHĀS. 13, 128. prarudantī BHĀG. P. 9, 10, 24. athākasmātpravavṛte tayā sādhvayā praroditum KATHĀS. 10, 36. rudantaṃ prarudanti so v. a. weinen mit dem Weinenden Spr. 5396. prarudita der angefangen hat zu weinen d. i. weinend MBH. 1, 6200. R. GORR. 1, 17, 11 (22 SCHL.). 2, 83, 18. 123, 5. 6. 7, 49, 5. VIKR. 153. KATHĀS. 72, 8. 101, 209.

    — vi laut jammern, - heulen, - weinen: śailūṣīva virodiṣi MBH. 4, 494. BHĀG. P. 1, 18, 40. vyarudandevaliṅgāni 3, 17, 13. virudita n. lautes Jammern, - Weinen UTTARAR. 56, 18 (73, 11).

    ☞ vol. 6, p. 386.
    2. rud (= 1. rud) adj. jammernd, heulend, weinend; s. agha°, bhava° .
    ☞ vol. 7, p. 1796.
    1. rud mit sam s. saṃrodana .

    Grassmann Wörterbuch zum Rig Veda

    ☞ p. 1174.
    rud [Fi. 172], 1) weinen; 2) beweinen [A.]; 3) Caus. weinen machen, betrüben [A.]; 4) Caus. Trauer erregen.

    Stamm ruda:

    -anti 2) jīvám {866,10}.

    Impf. des Caus. árodaya (betont nur {893,6}):

    -at 3) paṇím {893,6}. — 4) ánnam abhī́tya‿… muṣāyán {925,5}.

    Part. rudát:

    -atás [A. p.] 1) {33,7} neben jákṣatas.

    ☞ p. 1174.
    *rud, glänzen, prächtig sein [vgl. ruc], enthalten in rudrá, vírudra, ródas, rodasī́, ródasī.

    Böhtlingk Sanskrit-Wörterbuch in kürzerer Fassung

    ☞ vol. 5, p. 194, col. 1.
    1. rud , roditi ( ruda neben rudihi , rodet = rudyāt BAUDH. 1,7,15,30), rudati (ved.) ; episch auch Med. ( rudate , rudamāna , rodatām , rodamāna) ;

    — 1) jammern , heulen , weinen. rudyamāne wenn geweint wird. ruditā weinend 125,18 wohl fehlerhaft für rudatī.

    — 2) bejammern , beweinen.

    — 3) rudita von Thränen benetzt. — rotsyati gehört zu rudh.

    — Caus. rodáyati jammern — , heulen — , weinen machen.

    — Desid. *rurudiṣati ; vgl. rurudiṣu.

    — Intens. ( rorudyate , rorudatī) heftig jammern u.s.w.

    — Mit anu

    — 1) hinterdrein weinen.

    — 2) weinen um oder über (Acc.).

    — 3) Jmd (Acc.) nachjammern , in Jmds Jammer einstimmen.

    — 4) weinen (?).

    — Mit abhi , °rudita jammernd ausgestossen (Laute).

    — Mit ava , °rudita worauf Thränen gefallen sind.

    — Mit upā bejammern , beweinen BHAṬṬ.

    — Mit upa wehklagen über (Acc.) HEMĀDRI 1,29,21.

    — Mit ni , nirudita weinerlich vorgetragen SAṂHITOPAN. 7,3.

    — Mit pra

    — 1) zu jammern — , zu heulen — , zu weinen anfangen. prarudita der angefangen hat zu weinen , so v.a. weinend.

    — 2) laut jammern , heulen.

    — 3) mit Jmd (Acc.) weinen.

    — Mit vi laut jammern — , heulen , — weinen.

    — Mit sam in saṃrodana.

    ☞ vol. 5, p. 194, col. 1.
    2. rud Adj. jammernd , heulend in agharúd und *bhavarud.

    Cappeller Sanskrit Wörterbuch

    ☞ p. 365, col. 2.
    rud, roditi, rudati, °te, rodati, °te weien, jammern, trans. bewinen. p. p. rudita weinend, verweint; n. impers. es ist geweint worden, (traraṇye) in den Wald hinein, d. i. umsonst.) Caus. rodáyati weinen machen. anu hinterdrein weinen, jemd. (Acc.) nachjammern, beweinen. pra zu weinen o. zu jammern anfangen, heftig weinen, weinen mit (Acc.); p. p. prarudi weinend, verweint. vi laut jammern o. weinen.

    Schmidt Nachträge zum Sanskrit-Wörterbuch

    ☞ p. 313, col. 1.
    1. rud , *ruṇṇa tränend, Mahāvy. 245.

    — Mit abhi, °rudita jammernd, Jātakam. 20.

    ☞ p. 313, col. 1.
    rud °Subst. = śabda, Yudh. 2, 49 [nach dem Ko.; im Texte steht aber bhṛṅgānavamarutaḥ].

    Bopp Glossarium Sanscritum

    ☞ p. 291, col. 2.
    rud 2. P. interdum A. (anom. v. gr. 354.) Praet. mltf. aro-

    diṣam et arudam. Flere. N. 11. 14.: krośati roditi;

    16. 34.: rudite bhṛśam; BR. 3. 20.: rurudus trayaḥ; MAH.

    3. 593.: mā rodīḥ; R. Schl. I. 46. 20.: mā rudo mā rudaḥ;

    II. 52. 19.: rurude. -- Etiam cl. 6. P. A. BR. 3. 22.: mā pi-

    tā ruda; MAH. 1. 5597.: śocetaca rudetaca. -- Trans.

    deflere, c. acc. BHATT. 5. 5.: arodīt sā bhrātarau. --

    Intens. valde flere. BR. 3. 2.: kim evam bhṛśaduḥkhartau

    rorudyethām; 1. 4.: rorudyamānās tān dṛṣṭvā. (Cf. ru,

    lat. rudo, germ. vet. RUZ flere, -- riuzu, rôz, ruzumês;

    lith. raudoju lamentor et slav. rydajû fleo = Caus. roda-

    yāmi, v. gr. comp. 505. 506.

    c. anu i. q. simpl. RAM. II. 55. 21.: anurudanti; NALOD.

    3. 32.: anururoda.

    c. pra id. N. 17. 31. 22. 30.: prarudita flens. BR. 3. 21.: praru-

    ditān sarvān niśamya.

    Whitney Roots

    ☞ p. 142.

    √ rud ‘weep’ present: [2.] roditi rodanti etc. V.+ rudimas rudihi arodīt B.+ – [6.] rudati rudate etc. S.+ – [1.] rodati rodate etc. S.+ perfect: ruroda rurudus etc. rurude aorist: [2.] árudat etc. – [3.] arūrudat – araudiṣīt future: [1.] rodiṣyati – [2.] roditā verbal: rudita E.+ roditum ruditvā E.+ roditvā -rudya secondary: passive: rudyate – intensive: rorudat rorudyate etc. E.+ – desiderative: rurudiṣa- – causative: rodáyati etc. V.+ derivatives: -rud -ruda? C. róda AV.U. rodana E.+ rudana C. ródas etc. V.+ roditavya E.+ rudrá? V.+ -roruda AV. rurudiṣu C. rurudiṣā C.