ayas

ayas n. (-yaḥ) Iron. m. (-yāḥ) A name of VAHNI or fire.

E. iṇa to go, and asun Uṇādi aff.

a-yas (yaḥ) 5. n. Iron. m. A fire.

ayas ayas (probably a-yam + as),

n. Iron. — Comp. Kṛṣṇa-, n. iron,

MBh. 13, 6225 — Cf. Lat. aes; Goth.

eis + arn; A.S. isern.

ayas ayas, ās, ās, as (fr. rt. i), going,

nimble; (as), n. iron, steel, gold, metal [cf. Lat.

œs, œr-is for œs-is; Goth. ais, Them. aisa;

Old Germ. êr, ‘iron;’ Goth. eisarn; Mod. Germ.

Eisen]; (ās), m. fire. —Ayaḥ-pāna, am, n. a par-

ticular hell. —Ayaḥ-pratimā, f. iron image. —Ayaḥ-

śaṅku, us, m., N. of an Asura. —Ayaḥ-śaya, as,

ā, am, Ved. lying in iron, made of iron (said of fire).

—Ayaḥ-śipra, as, ā, am, Ved. having jaws or

a nose of iron. —Ayaḥ-śiras, ās, m., N. of an

Asura. —Ayaḥ-śīrṣan, ā, ā, a, Ved. having a

head of iron. —Ayaḥ-śūla, am, n. an iron lance;

fraudulent or cunning artifice. —Ayaḥ-sthūṇa or

ayas-sthūṇa or aya-sthūṇa, as, ī, am, Ved. having

iron pillars or spikes; (as), m., N. of a Ṛṣi. —Ayaś-

cūrṇa, am, n. iron filings. —Ayas-kaṃsa, as, am,

m. n. an iron goblet. —Ayas-kāṇḍa, as, am, m. n.

an iron arrow. —Ayas-kānta, as, m. a precious stone,

the loadstone. —Ayas-kāra, as, m. a blacksmith;

the upper part of the thigh (?). —Ayas-kīṭa, am, n.

rust of iron. —Ayas-kumbha, as, ī, m. f. an iron

pot or boiler. —Ayas-kuśā, f. a rope partly consist-

ing of iron. —Ayas-kṛti, is, f. preparation of iron.

—Ayas-tāpa, as, ā, am, making iron red-hot.

—Ayas-pātra, am, n. an iron vessel. —Ayas-maya,

as, ī, am, Ved. made of iron or of metal; (as), m.,

N. of a son of Manu Svārociṣa; (ī), f., N. of one

of the three residences of the Asuras.

For compounds beginning ayo, see s.v. ayo-guḍa.

áyas, n. metal; iron. [cf. Old Lat. ais, gen. ais-is, Lat. aes, ‘metal, bronze’; AS. ār, ‘bronze,’ Eng. ore; perhaps AS. īsern, īren, Eng. iron, ‘ferrum, ferreus.’]

ayas a. [i-gatau-asun] Going, moving; nimble.

— n. (

— yaḥ)

1 Iron (eti calati ayaskāṃtasaṃnikarṣaṃ iti tathātvaṃ); abhitaptamayopi mārdavaṃ bhajate kaiva kathā śarīriṣu R. 8. 43.

2 Steel.

3 Gold.

4 A metal in general.

5 Aloe wood.

6 An iron instrument.

7 Going.

— m. Fire. [cf L. aes, aeris; Goth. ais, eisarn; Ger. eisin].

Comp.

— agraṃ agrakaṃ a hammer, a mace or club tipped with iron; a pestle for cleaning grain.

— apāṣṭi a. Ved. furnished with iron claws or heels.

— kaṃsaḥ saṃ an iron goblet.

— kāṃḍaḥ

1 an iron-arrow.

2 excellent iron.

3 a large quantity of iron.

— kāṃtaḥ (ayaskāṃtaḥ)

1 ‘beloved of iron’, a magnet, load-stone; śaṃbhoryatadhvamākraṣṭumayaskāṃtena lohavat Ku. 2. 59; sa cakarṣa parasmāttadayaskāṃta ivāyasaṃ R. 17. 63; U. 4. 21.

2 a precious stone; °maṇiḥ a loadstone; ayaskāṃtamaṇiśalākeva lohadhātumaṃtaḥkaraṇamākṛṣṭavatī Māl. 1.

— kāraḥ

1 an iron-smith, blacksmith.

2 the upper part of the thigh.

— kīṭaṃ rust of iron.:

— kuṃbhaḥ an iron vessel, boiler &c.; so °pātraṃ.

— kuśā a rope partly consisting of iron.

— kṛtiḥ f. a preparation of iron; one of the ways of curing leprosy ( mahākuṣṭhacikitsābhedaḥ).

— gaḥ an iron hammer.

— guḍaḥ

1 a pill; one made of some preparation of iron.

2 an iron ball; Ms. 3. 133.

— ghanaḥ [ayo hanyate anena iti P. III. 3. 82] an iron hammer, forge hammer; ayoghanenāya ivābhitaptaṃ R. 14. 33.

— cūrṇaṃ iron filings.

— jāla a. having iron nets; of impenetrable guiles. (pb) (

— laṃ) an iron net-work.

— tāpa a. making iron red-hot.

— dat, daṃṣṭra a. Ved. iron-toothed, having iron rims (as chariots); having iron weapons.

— datī a proper name; (P. V. 4. 143).

— daṃḍaḥ an iron club, K. 76.

— dhātuḥ iron metal; U. 4. 21.

— pānaṃ (ayaḥ pānaṃ) N. of a hell (where red-hot iron is forced down the throats of those who are condemned to it).

— pratimā (ayaḥpratimā) an iron image.

— malaṃ rust of iron; so °rajaḥ, °rasaḥ.

— mukha a. (khī f.)

1 having an iron mouth, face, or beak.

2 tipped or pointed with iron; Ms. 10. 84. (

— khaḥ) an arrow (iron-pointed); bhetsyatyajaḥ kuṃbhamayomukhena R. 5. 55.

— śaṃkuḥ

1 an iron spear.

2 an iron nail, pointed iron spike, R. 12. 95.

— śaya a. lying in, made of, iron, (said of fire).

— śūlaṃ

1 an iron lance.

2 a forcible means, a violent proceeding (tīkṣṇaḥ upāyaḥ Sk.); (cf. āyaḥśūlika; also K. P. 10; ayaḥśūlena anvicchatītyāyaḥśūlikaḥ).

— sthūṇa a. (aya° or yaḥ°) having iron pillars or stakes.

— hata a. Ved. embossed in ironwork, made by a priest who wears a golden ring on his finger (B. and R.).

— hṛdaya a. iron-hearted, stern, cruel, unrelenting; suhṛdayohṛdayaḥ pratigarjatām R. 9. 9.

áyas n. metal, iron.

ayas áy-as, n. metal, iron; iron instrument,
knife, sword; -kānta, m. magnet; -máya, a.
(ī) of iron.

áyas n. iron, metal, RV. &c.

an iron weapon (as an axe, &c.), RV. vi, 3, 5 and 47, 10

gold, Naigh.

steel, L.;

ayas [cf. Lat. æs, ær-is for æs-is; Goth. ais, Thema aisa; Old Germ. êr, iron; Goth. eisarn; Mod. Germ. Eisen.]

ayas

n. (-yaḥ) Iron.

m. (-yāḥ) A name of VAHNI or fire.

E. iṇa to go, and
asun Unādi. aff.

ayas a. [i-gatau-asun] Going, moving; nimble. n. (-yaḥ) 1 Iron (eti calati ayaskāntasaṃnikarṣaṃ iti tathātvam; nāyasollikhyate ratnam Śukra 4.169. abhitaptamayo'pi mārdavaṃ bhajate kaiva kathā śarīriṣu R.8.43. -2 Steel. -3 Gold. -4 A metal in general. -5 Aloe wood. -6 An iron instrument; yadayonidhanaṃ yāti so'sya dharmaḥ sanātanaḥ Mb.6.17.11. -7 Going. m. Fire. [cf. L. aes, aeris; Goth. ais, eisarn; Ger. eisin]. -Comp. -agram, -agrakam a hammer, a mace or club tipped with iron; a pestle for cleaning grain. -apāṣṭi a. Ved. furnished with iron claws or heels. -kaṃsaḥ, -sam an iron goblet. -kaṇapam A kind of weapon, which throws out iron-balls; ayaḥkaṇapacakrāśma- bhuśuṇḍayuktabāhavaḥ Mb.1.227.25. -kāṇḍaḥ 1 an iron-arrow. -2 excellent iron. -3 a large quantity of iron. -kāntaḥ (ayaskāntaḥ) 1 'beloved of iron', a magnet, load-stone; śambhoryatadhvamākraṣṭumayaskāntena lohavat Ku.2.59; sa cakarṣa parasmāttadayaskānta ivāyasam R.17.63; U.4.21. ayaskāntamayaḥ saṃkrāmati M. Bh. on P.III.1.7. -2 a precious stone; ˚maṇiḥ a loadstone; ayaskāntamaṇiśalākeva lohadhātumantaḥ- karaṇamākṛṣṭavatī Māl.1. -kāraḥ 1 an iron-smith, blacksmith. -2 the upper part of the thigh. -kiṭṭam, -kījam rust of iron. -kumbhaḥ an iron vessel, boiler &c.; so ˚pātram. -kuśā a rope partly consisting of iron. -kṛtiḥ f.a preparation of iron; one of the ways of curing leprosy (mahākuṣṭhaciki- tsābhedaḥ). -gaḥ an iron hammer. -guḍaḥ 1 a pill; one made of some preparation of iron. -2 an iron ball; dīptaśūlaṣṭaryayoguḍān Ms.3.133. -3 A kind of weapon consisting of iron balls; laguḍāyoguḍāśmānaḥ Mb.7.30.16. -ghanaḥ [ayo hanyate anena iti P.III.3.82] an iron hammer, forge hammer; gadāparighanistriṃśapaṭṭiśāyoghanopalaiḥ Mb.7.25.58. ayoghanenāya ivābhitaptamR.14.33. -cūrṇam iron filings. -jāla a. having iron nets; of impenetrable guiles. (-lam) an iron net-work; ayojālāni nirmathya bhittvā ratnagṛhaṃ varam Rām.3.35.35. -tāpa a. making iron red-hot. -dat, -daṃṣṭra a. Ved. iron-toothed, having iron rims (as chariots); having iron weapons; paśyan hiraṇyacakrāna- yodaṃṣṭrān vidhovato varāhūn Rv.1.88.5. -datī a. proper name; (striyāṃ saṃjñāyām P.V.4.143). -daṇḍaḥ an iron club, K.76. -dhātuḥ iron metal; ayodhātuṃ yadvatparilaghurayaskānta- śakalaḥ U.4.21. -pānam (ayaḥpānam) N. of a hell (where redhot iron is forced down the throats of those who are condemned to it). -piṇḍaḥ A canon-ball. -pratimā (ayaḥpratimā) an iron image. -bāhuḥ Name of a son of Dhṛitarāṣṭra. -malam rust of iron; so ˚rajaḥ, ˚rasaḥ. -mukha a. (-khī f.) 1 having an iron mouth, face, or beak. -2 tipped or pointed with iron; bhūmiṃ bhūmiśayāṃścaiva hanti kāṣṭhamayomukham Ms.10.84. (-khaḥ) an arrow (iron-pointed); bhetsyatyajaḥ kumbhamayomukhena R.5.55. -śaṅkuḥ 1 an iron spear; -2 an iron nail, pointed iron spike, ayaḥśaṅkucitāṃ rakṣaḥ śataghnīmatha śatrave R.12.95. -śaya a. lying in, made of iron, (said of fire). -śūlam 1 an iron lance. -2 a forcible means, a violent proceeding (tīkṣṇaḥ upāyaḥ Sk.); (cf. āyaḥśūlika; also K. P.10; ayaḥśūlena anvicchatītyāyaḥśūlikaḥ). -sthūṇa a. 1 (aya˚ or yaḥ˚) having iron pillars or stakes. hiraṇyarūpamuṣaso vyuṣṭāvayaḥ- sthūṇamuditā sūryasya Rv.5.62.8. -2 Name of a Ṛiṣi Śat. Br. -hata a. Ved. embossed in iron-work, made by a priest who wears a golden ring on his finger (B. and R.); rakṣohā viśvacarṣaṇirabhi yonimayohatam Rv.9.1.2. -hṛdaya a. iron-hearted, stern, cruel, unrelenting; suhṛdayohṛdayaḥ pratigarjatām R.9.9.

ayas ayas n. fer, et peut-être primitivt. airain.

Lat. aes, ahenus; goth. ais; germ. eisen; angl. iron; fr. airain.

ayaskānta m. (kam) pierre précieuse; aimant.

ayaskāra m. la partie supérieure de la cuisse.

Forgeron.

ayasmaya a. (sfx. maya) de fer.

ayas- nt. métal; fer.

°kānta- m. aimant; °kānta-maṇi- id.

°kāya- m. n. d'un Daitya.

°tapta- a. cuit à la broche.

°pāṇa- m. n. d'un enfer.

ayaḥ-śaṅku- m. flèche de fer.

ayo-guḍa- m. boule de fer, boulet.

°ghana- m. marteau en fer.

°jāla- nt. grillage en fer.

°dhātu- m. lingot de fer.

°bāhu- m. fils de Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

°mukha- a. qui a un bec de fer; qui a une pointe en fer (soc, pal); m. flèche; n. d'une montagne; de personnages.

°hṛdaya- a. au coeur de fer.

áyas n. Metall überhaupt, Eisen ( AK. 2, 9, 98. H. 1038. HĀR. 160.) insbes.: ayò na dèvā janîmā̀ dhamântaḥ ṚV. 4, 2, 17. śiśī̂tè tejo 'yâsò na dhā̀rā̂m 6, 3, 5. 1, 57, 3. 163, 9. harîtè trīṇî rajàte trīṇyayâsì trīṇî AV. 5, 28, 1. śyā̀mamayo 'syâ mā̀ṃsyānì lohîtamasyà lohîtam 11, 3, 1, 7. VS. 18, 13. aśmano 'yastasmādaśmano 'yo dhamantyayaso hiraṇyaṃ tasmādayo bahudhmātaṃ hiraṇyasaṃkāśamivaiva bhavati ŚAT. BR. 6, 1, 3, 5. aśmano dhamanti 1, 13. 5, 1, 2, 14. 4, 1, 2. 12, 7, 1, 7. 2, 10. tāmrāyaḥkāṃsyaraityānāṃ trapuṇaḥ sīsakasya ca M. 5, 114. 11, 167. ayaḥpratimā ein Bild aus Eisen H. 1464. ayohṛdaya RAGH. 9, 9. = hiraṇyanāman NAIGH. 1, 2.

— Vgl. āyasa .

ayas , ayaḥsīsaloharajatatāmraveṣṭita KAUŚ. 16.

áyas, n., Metall, Eisen [lat. aes, goth. aiz, eisarn); 2) Eisen = eisernes Werkzeug, Schwert, Messer.

-as {298,17}; {416,7}; {516,15}.

-ase {57,3} (ist Inf. von i).

-asas 2) dhā́rām {444,5}; {488,10}.

áyas n.

— 1) Erz. Metall , insbes. Eisen.

— 2) eisernes Werkzeug , Schwert , Messer.

— 3) *Gold.

áyas n. Erz, Eisen.

ayas n. ferrum (lat. aes, aer-is pro aes-is, goth. ais Th.

aisa, germ. vet. êr aes, goth. eisarn ferrum, nostrum

Eisen).

ayas;
girisāramaśmasāraṃ lohaṃ kālāyasaṃ tathā śastram .
tīkṣṇamayaḥ pāraśavaṃ kavayaḥ kathayantyabhinnārtham .. 171 ..
2.1.1.171

ayas na0 eti calati ayaskāntasānnidhyāt iṇa—asun .
lauhe dhātubhede tasya sthiratve'pi ayaskāntasānnidhyāccaṇa-
nāttathātvam . “suhṛdayohṛdayaḥ pratigarjjatām” “abhitapta-
mayo'pi mārddavaṃ bhajate kaiva kathā śarīriṇām” iti ca raghuḥ
“tāmrāyaḥkāṃsyaraityānāṃ tripuṇaḥ sīsakasya ca” ayaḥ kāṃsya-
palānāñca dvādaśāhamapānnatā” iti ca manuḥ . ayasaḥ pākādi
amṛtasāraśabde 326 pṛṣṭhe dṛśyam . adhikaṃ līhaśabde
vakṣyate . upacārāt 2 ayonirsmite śastrādāvapi . “tejo-
'yaso na dhārām ṛ0 6, 3, 5, ayasaḥ ayomayasya pa-
raśvāderdhārām” bhā0 . hiraṇyaśṛṅgo'yo asyapādāḥ ṛ0
1, 163, 9 bhāve asun . 3 gamane na0 . ‘jyotirakāri haritī
nā'yase ṛ0 1, 57, 3 “ayase gamanāya” bhā0 ayasā-
nirmmitam aṇ . āyasam lauhamaye kaṭhāhādau ayaso-
vikāraḥ aṇ āyasaḥ . lauhavikāre ‘ayaskāntaivāyasam’
raghuḥ “āyasena tu pātreṇetyādi 278 pṛṣṭhe darśitam .
mayaṭ ayomayaḥ . vede tu ayasmayādi0 ni0 ayassayaḥ .
lohavikāre tri0 striyāṃ ṅīp . caturarthyāṃ chaṇ .
āyasīyaḥ ayasmannikṛṣṭadeśādau tri0 striyāṃ ṅīp .
eti yajñasthānam iṇa asun . 3 vahnau pu0 .
“ayāścāgne'syanabhiśastyayāśca satvamittvamayā asi .
ayāno yajñaṃ vahāsyayā no'vehi bheṣajam” yaju0 .
4 hiraṇye niru0 “rakṣohā vicarṣaṇiramiyoni-
mayohatam abhyanūṣatāyohatam ṛ0 9, 1, 2, 80,
“aya iti hiraṇyanāmeti bhā0 “hiraṇyapāṇiḥ prati-
doṣamāsthāt ayohanuryajate iti ṛ0 6, 71, 1,
ayohanurhiraṇmayahanuḥ” bhā0 .

Ayas. — The exact metal denoted by this word when used by

itself, as always in the Rigveda,¹ is uncertain. As favouring the

sense of ‘bronze’ rather than that of ‘iron’ may perhaps be

cited with Zimmer² the fact that Agni is called ayo-daṃṣṭra,

‘with teeth of Ayas,’³ with reference to the colour of his flames,

and that the car-seat of Mitra and Varuṇa is called ayaḥ-sthūṇa,⁴

‘with pillars of Ayas’ at the setting of the sun.⁵ Moreover,

in the Vājasaneyi Saṃhitā,⁶ Ayas is enumerated in a list of six

metals: gold (hiraṇya), Ayas, Śyāma, Loha, lead (sīsa), tin

(trapu). Here śyāma (‘swarthy’) and loha (‘red’) must mean

‘iron’ and ‘copper’ respectively; ayas would therefore seem to

mean ‘bronze.’ In many passages in the Atharvaveda⁷ and

other books, the Ayas is divided into two species — the śyāma

(‘iron’) and the lohita (‘copper’ or ‘bronze’). In the Śatapatha

Brāhmaṇa⁸ a distinction is drawn between Ayas and lohāyasa,

which may either be a distinction between iron and copper as

understood by Eggeling,⁹ or between copper and bronze as held

by Schrader.¹⁰ In one passage of the Atharvaveda,¹¹ the sense of

iron seems certain. Possibly, too, the arrow of the Rigveda,¹²

which had a tip of Ayas (yasyā ayo mukham), was pointed

with iron. Copper, however, is conceivable, and bronze quite

likely.

Iron is called śyāma ayas or śyāma alone.¹³ See also

Kārṣṇāyasa. Copper is Lohāyasa or Lohitāyasa.

The smelting (dhmā ‘to blow’) of the metal is frequently

referred to. The Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa¹⁴ states that if ‘well

smelted’ (bahu-dhmātam) it is like gold, referring evidently to

bronze. A heater of Ayas is mentioned in the Vājasaneyi

Saṃhitā,¹⁵ and bowls of Ayas are also spoken of.¹⁶ [Footnote] 1) Rv. i. 57, 3; 163, 9; iv. 2, 17;

vi. 3, 5. [Footnote] 2) Altindisches Leben, 52. [Footnote] 3) Rv. i. 88, 5; x. 87, 2. [Footnote] 4) Rv. v. 62, 8 (cf. 7). [Footnote] 5) But this is not convincing, as in

the same verse it is said to be ‘of

golden appearance at the flush of

dawn.’ [Footnote] 6) xviii. 13. [Footnote] 7) xi. 3, 1. 7; Maitrāyaṇī Saṃhitā,

iv. 2, 9. [Footnote] 8) v. 4, 1, 2. [Footnote] 9) Sacred Books of the East, 41, 90 [Footnote] 10) Prehistoric Antiquities, 189. [Footnote] 11) v. 28, 1. [Footnote] 12) vi. 75, 15. [Footnote] 13) Av. ix. 5, 4. [Footnote] 14) vi. 1, 3, 5. Cf. vi. 1, 1, 13; v. 1, 2,

14; xii. 7, 1, 7; 2, 10, etc. [Footnote] 15) xxx. 14; Taittirīya Brāhmaṇa, iii. 4,

10, 1. [Footnote] 16) Av. viii. 10, 22; Maitrāyaṇī Saṃ-

hitā, iv. 2, 13.