ayanasaṃkrānti

ayanasaṃkrānti strī ayanena rāśicakrasya paścāt, prāgvā-
gatyā kṛtā saṃkrāntirgrahāṇāṃ prabhāpuñjasya sañcāraḥ sam +
krama—ktin . calasaṃkrāntau, saṃkrāntistrividhā madhyā-
calā acalā ceti bhedāt madhyānupadaṃ bakṣyate meṣādi-
bhirdvādaśabhiḥ sthānairvibhaktasya nirādhāratayā sthitasya rāśi-
cakrasya dolāyamānatayā prāk paścādvā nirddiṣṭameṣādi-
sthānāt paścāt pūrvvaṃ vā rāśyantare maṇḍalagatiṃ
vināpi grahāṇāṃ prabhāpuñjamātrasaṃcāraḥ calasaṃkrāntiḥ
aniyatasthānatayā calatvāt . nirddiṣṭarāśisthāneṣu
grahāṇāṃ maṇḍalasañcāraḥ acalasaṃkrāntiḥ rāśisaṃkrānti-
riti cocyate tasyā niyatamekasthānaeva jāyamānatvāda-
calatvam . anayaiva saṃkrāntyā yathā māsādivyavahāre
na doṣaḥ calasaṃkrāntyā tu bahavoṃ doṣāstathā nirūpyate
tathā hi grahāṇāmākrāntarāśito rāśyantarakramaṇa
saṃkrāntirityucyate sā ca dvidhā madhyamā spaṣṭā ca .
ṣaṭkarmmasaṃskṛto madhyagraho yadā rāśyantaraṃ saṃkrāṃ-
mati tadā madhyasaṃkrāntirityucyate yadā tu spaṣṭīkṛta-
saṃskāro graho rāśyantaraṃ gacchati sā spaṣṭasaṃkrāntirityucyate
tatra madhyasaṃkramasya spaṣṭīkaraṇārthatvādeva tajjanitasaṃkrānteḥ
spaṣṭīkāra evopayogāt lokaśāstrayorvyavahāre na tasya
upayogaḥ kintu “gurorbhadhyamasaṃkrāntihīnoyaścāndravatsaraḥ .
adhisaṃvatsarastasmin kārayenna savatrayam . varjanīyā praya-
tnena pratiṣṭhā sarvanākinām sphuṭasaṃkrāntihīnaścet
ke'pyāharadhimāsakam” iti kālamādhavīyadhṛtasmṛteḥ madhya-
saṃkrānterapi adhivatsaropayogitā tadanyatra tu tasyā-
nopayogaḥ iti spaṣṭasaṃkrāntereva lokaśāstropayogaḥ . spaṣṭa-
saṃkrāntirapi dvividhā sāyanāṃśā nirayanāṃśā ceti bhedāt
yadā sidvāntagaṇanayāyanāṃśasaṃskṛto grahorāśyantaraṃ gacchati
sā sāyanāṃśā saṃkrāntiḥ . yadā tu ayanāṃśasaṃskāra-
rahitaḥ rāśyantaraṃ gacchati sā nirayanāṃśā saṃkrānti-
rucyate . saṃkrāntiśca “truṭeḥ sahasrabhāgoyaḥ sa kālora-
visaṃkrama” ityuktasūkṣmakālarūpā etacca kriyaiva kāla iti
mate anyamatetu saṃkrāntyupalakṣitastādṛśasūkṣmakālaiti
bhedaḥ . tādṛśa sūkṣmakālasya saṃkrāntiśabdārthatve saṃkrāntiśabde
vakṣyamāṇadānādyaṅgatvāsambhavena “mukhyābhāve pratinidhiḥ
śāstrārthaṃ” iti nyāyena gauṇakālasyāpyadarttavyatā snānā-
dyaṅgatvānyayānupapattyā ca tathā kalpyatve smṛtyādyuktaṃkāla-
viśeṣa eva tadaṅgatvena kalpāte yathoktaṃ kālamādhavīye
snānadānādyaṅgabhūte saṃkrāntikāle mukhyakalpasyāsambhavādanuka-
lpaevādarttavyaḥ yathāhaṃ devalaḥ “saṃkrāntisamayaḥ sūkṣmodurjñeyaḥ
piśitekṣaṇaiḥ . tadyogādapyadhaścorddhaṃ triśaṃnnāḍyaḥ pavitritāḥ”
iti deśavyavadhānarāhityenātyantasaṃśliṣṭayoḥ pūrvvottararāśyo-
rmadhye sūryyaḥ pūrbarāśiṃ parityajya yāvatā kālenottararāśiṃ
praviśati sa kālaḥ yogadṛṣṭiṃ binā māṃsadṛṣṭyā durllakṣyaḥ
ato'nuṣṭhāne mukhyasaṃkrāntikālagrahaṇāsaṃbhavāt saṃkrāntisamba-
ndhinau pūrvvottarakālau grahītavyau saṃkrānteḥ pūrbottarayorekai-
kasmiṃstriṃśadvaṭikāḥ puṇyā iti sāmānyata uktamiti” . tatra
acalasaṃkrānteriva calasaṃkrānterapi puṇyakālatāsti yathoktaṃ
tatraiva meṣādisaṃkrāntayo yasmindine bhavanti tasmāddināt
pūrvebhya ekādaśadinebhyaḥ prācīne dine meṣāyanamevaṃ vṛṣabhāya-
nabhityeyaṃ tanāmāṅkitasyavati tatkāle tasminnayate snānādiṣu
puṇyakālamāha jāvāliḥ “saṃkrāntiṣu yathā kālastadīye-
'pyayane tathā . ayane viṃśatiḥ pūrvā makare viṃśatiḥ pareti”
makaravyatiriktaikādaśasaṃkrāntisambandhiṣvayaneṣu tattatsaṃ-
kāntivat puṇyakālo'vagantavyaḥ makarasaṃkrāntisaṃmbandhini tva-
yane saṃkrāntivailakṣaṇyaṃ, tadyathā makaraminne prācīnā viṃśati-
ṣaṭikāḥ puṇyāḥ makarasaṃkrāntau tu pāścāttyā viṃśatighaṭikāḥ
puṇyā iti” . na kevalamādityasyaiva saṃkrāntiṣvayane puṇyakālaḥ
kintu sarveṣāmapi grahāṇāṃ nakṣatrarāśisaṃkrame puṇyakālo
bhavati iyāṃstu viśeṣoravereva rāśisaṃkrame puṇyakālaḥ a-
yanasaṃkrame tu candrādīnāmapi kālaviśeṣe puṇyatā yathāha
tatraiva lyotiḥśāstre “nakṣatrarāśyoravisaṃkrame syurarvāk
sarastādrasavandranādyaḥ puṇyāstayendostridharālavairyutā ekaiva
nāḍī munibhiḥ śubhoktā . nāḍyaścatasraḥ sapalāḥ kujasya .
buthasya tisraḥ palaviśvayuktāḥ . adhyarddhanāḍyaḥ palasapta-
yuktā guroścatasraḥ sapalāśca śukre . dvināganāḍyaḥ palasapta-
yuktāḥ śanaiścarasyābhihitāḥ supuṇyāḥ . ādyantamadhye japahoma-
dānaṃ kurvannavāpnoti surendradhāmeti” . ayamarthaḥ ādityasya
rāśinakṣatragamane arvāk parataśca ṣoḍaśa ghaṭikāḥ puṇyakālaḥ
tathā candrasyāpi ghaṭikaikā palāni ca trayodaśārvākparataśva-
puṇyakālaḥ . evaṃ maṅgalasya catasro ghaṭikāḥ palamekaṃ ca
puṇyakālaḥ tathā budhasya tisro ghaṭikāścaturdaśa palāni ca
puṇyakālaḥ vṛhaspaterapi sārddhacatasro ghaṭikāḥ sapna palāni
ca puṇyakālaḥ . śukrasya catasro ghaṭikāḥ palamekañca puṇyakālaḥ
śanaiścarasya dvyaśītighaṭikāḥ palāni ca sapna puṇyakālaḥ .
pīyūṣaghārāyāṃ tu jaiminivacanatvena etadvacanamupanyastam .
meṣāyanādiṣu saṃkrāntisphuṭīkaraṇañca muhūrttacintāmaṇau “tathā-
yanāṃśāḥ kharasāhatāśca spaṣṭārkagatyā vihṛtādinādi . meṣā-
ditaḥ prāk calasaṃkramāḥ syurdāne japādau bahupuṇyadāste” .
yathā rāśisaṃkramāḥ bahupuṇya dāstathā calasaṃkramā apīti
dyotanāya tathāśabdaḥ . ayanāṃśāḥ ṣaṣṭhyā guṇyā spaṣṭayā
sūryyagatyā vihṛtāḥ labdhairdinādyaiḥ dinaghaṭīpalaiḥ kalāṃ
kṛtvā meṣādidvādaśarāśisaṃkramaṇakālāt prākcalasaṃkramāścala
saṃkrāntayaḥ calasaṃkramadāne brāhmaṇebhyo dakṣiṇādāne japādau
japaśrādvahomādau bahupuṇyadā bhavanti taduktaṃ vaśiṣṭhasiddhānte
calasaṃkramayuṅmāse saṃkramoyaḥ sa saṃkramaḥ ajāgalastana iva
rāśisaṃkrāntirucyate” pulastyaḥ “ayanāṃśasaṃskṛtobhānurgole-
carati sarvadā amukhyā rāśisaṃkrāntistulyaḥ kālavidhistayoḥ .
snānadānajapaśrāddhavratahomādikarmmaṇi yat kṛtaṃ calasaṃkrā-
ntāvakṣayaṃ puruṣo'śnute” iti ratnamālāyām “yāvadbhiraṃśaira-
yanacyutiḥ syāttadbhogyakālena divākarasya . cyutirbhavedviṣṇupa-
dādikānāṃ rahasyametanmunibhiḥ pradiṣṭamiti” ayanośā-
nayanañca ayanaśabde darśitam . tattadrāśyādimārgeṣu sūryyādi
tejaḥpuñjasañcāraścalasaṃkramomaṇḍalamadhyasaṃparkaśca rāśisaṃkrama
itiviṣayaviyekaḥ tadyathā rathyāyāṃ prāk paścādvā nīyamānasya
dīpasyāgredīpaprabhā yasminpradeśe gacchati tasminneva pradeśe
kṣaṇāntareṇa dīpo'pi gacchati evaṃ sarveṣāmapi grahāṇāṃ
casasaṃkramā draṣṭavyāḥ nanvevaṃ calasaṃkramasya mukhyatve tenaiva
mānena pañcāṅgagaṇanā syāt iti cet na aśvinyādibhānāṃ
visaṃvādāt tathāhi sūryyākrāntarāśitaścaturddaśanatrasyaiva
sandhyākāle prathamamudayojyotiṣe prasiddhaḥ sarvasammataśca . tatra
yadi ayanāṃśaśodhanamantareṇaiva sūryyasya tattadrāśighaṭaka-
nakṣatrasthitisvīkārastadā idānīmayanāṃśānusāreṇa 20, 35,
44, etadaṃ śāditaḥ pūrbaṃ ravermeṣādau gatyāvaśyakatvāt tasya
ca tadghaṭakanakṣatrasthitestataścaturddaśanakṣatrasya sandhyāyāṃ
prathamodayāpattirna ca tathā dṛśyate tathā yasmin dine
idānīmamāpūrṇimādayo dṛśyante tataḥ pūrvaṃ 20, 35, 44
sūryyacandrayorekarāśisthatvena amāvasyāpattistataḥ pañca-
daśe'hani pūrṇimāpattiśca nacaitat pratyakṣasaṃvādīti .
ayanāṃśaśodhatena nirayanāṃśasaṃkramāditastu sarvvaṃ pratyakṣa
saṃvādi . kiṃ ca sāyanasaṃkramarahitasya cāndramāsasyā'dhi-
māsatvavyavahāraprasaṅgaḥ saṃkrāntidvayayutasya tasya kṣayasāsatvavyava-
hāraprasaṅgaśca . evaṃ ca bahuviplavāt calasaṃkrānteḥ mukhyatve'pi
tenaiva māsavarṣagaṇanādiśaṅkā na kāryyā prāgpradarśitapulastha
vacanena, ayanaśabde darśitena saurāgamavākyena, “dinarātri
pramāṇānāṃ nirṇayo na bhasaṃkramāt” ataḥ sakalakarmmāṇi”
iti, sidvāntaśiromaṇivākyena ca smārttakarmmaviśeṣe, lagna-
jñānādikarmmasveva tasya mukhyatvābhidhānāt na tena sarvavyavahāraḥ
anyathā tattadviśeṣopādānaṃ vyarthaṃ syāt . ekāntena rāśi-
saṃkramānaṅgīkāre prāguktavacanajāte rāśisaṃkrāntivat puṇya-
kālatāmighānānupattiḥ tathā ca yathā māsavatsarāṇāmaneka-
vidhatve'pi kriyāviśeṣe teṣāṃ grāhyatā evaṃ calasthirasaṃ-
krāntyorapi viṣayaviśeṣe'pi grāhyatā . kiñca sāyana-
saṃkramamātreṇa sarvavyavahāre aneke visaṃvādā pīyūṣa
dhārāyāṃ darśitāḥ . te'pyatropadarśyante . sāyanagaṇanayā
tvayogye'pi kāle grahaḥkadācidekanakṣatrāntare nakṣatrayora-
ntare vopalabhyeta sūryyacandrayostu tejobahutvānnakṣatratejaḥ
paribhabānna nakṣatrasaṃnidhāvupalambho yadyapi . tathāpi
kadācit kṣīṇacandrasyāpyupalambhodṛśyata eva gocarādiviṣayaka
duṣṭaphalāni ekarāśisthitagrahayogaphalāni ca virudhyeran
grahaṇādivisaṃvādaśca . tasmānnirayanagaṇanayaiva sarvo'pi vyava
hāro yuktaḥ yattu ajāgalastanaivetyādi prāguktavacanam
“puṇyatvaṃrāśisaṃkrānteḥ kecidāhurmanīṣiṇaḥ naitanmama mata-
mityādivaśiṣṭhavākyañca tat calasaṃkrānteḥ stutiparam “na
nindāmindanīyaṃ nindati kintu vidheyaṃ stautīti” nyāyāt
anyathā saṃkrāntiśabde darśayiṣyamāṇānāṃ rāśisaṃkrānti-
puṇyakālatābodhakavacanānāṃ bahūrnā viplavāpatteḥ “dinapati
saṃkramāt prāk ṣoḍaśa nāḍyastu puṇyakāṇaḥ saḥ . parataḥ
ṣoḍaśa nāḍyaḥ snānadānakāryyeṣviti” vaśiṣṭhasyaiva vaca-
nāntareṇa virodhaḥ syāt ayanasaṃkrāntiṣu tu antha-
vidhasyaiva tena puṇyakālatīktestato vilakṣaṇaviṣayatvau-
cityaṃ tādṛśavacanānām .