ayana

ayana n. (-naṃ)

1 A road, a path.

2 The half year, that is, the sun's road north and south of the equator. See uttarāyaṇa, &c.

3 The equinoctial and solstitial points.

4 A Śāstra or inspired writing.

E. iṇa to go, and lyuṭ aff.

ayana (naṃ) 1. n. A road; half year.

ayana ayana, i. e. i + ana, n. 1. A

place of motion, Man. 1, 10. 2. A

road. 3. A line, Bhag. 1, 11. 4. The

half year, i. e. the sun's road north and

south of the equator, Man. 4, 26. —

Comp. Uttarā-, Man. 6, 10; and uda-

gayana, i. e. udañc-, Man. 1, 67, n.

the half of the year in which the sun

is to the north of the equator. Da-

kṣiṇā-, I. n. the half of the year

when the sun moves to the south of

the equator, Man. 1, 67. II. adj. ly-

ing on the course of the sun to the

south of the equator, Bhāg. P. 5, 23, 5.

Gīta-, n. a procession accompanied

by hymns, Bhāg. P. 4, 4, 5. Guṇa-, adj.

walking the path of virtue, Bhāg. P.

4, 21, 43. Vārttā-, m. a spy.

Ayana, as, ā, am (fr. rt. i), going; especially

at the end of a compound, e. g. samudrāyaṇa, going

to the ocean; (am), n. going, walking, walk; a road,

a path; a place, a site (?); course, circulation,

period; final emancipation; a commentary, treatise;

N. of certain sacrificial performances; the sun's

road north and south of the equator, the half

year; the equinoctial and solstitial points; way,

progress, manner; a Śāstra or inspired writing.

—Ayana-kāla, as, m. the interval between the equi-

noxes. —Ayana-devatā, f. a deity or an idol placed

near a road (?). —Ayana-bhāga, as, m. or aya-

nāṃśa (°na-aṃ°), as, m. the arc between the vernal

equinoctial point and the beginning of the fixed

zodiac or first point in Aries. —Ayana-valana, am,

n. deviation of the ecliptic. —Ayana-vṛtta, am,

n. the ecliptic.

ayana ayana, &c. See under ay, p. 78.

áyana, n. a going; place of going, way; course; esp. course (of the sun from one solstice to the other), i. e. half-year. [√i, 1150. 1a.]

ayana a. [ay-lyuṭ]

1 Going (at the end of comp.); yathemā nadyaḥ syaṃdamānāḥ samudrāyaṇāḥ Praśn. Up.

2 (As a patronymic affix) Descended from; e. g. śākaṭāyana.

— naṃ

1 Going, moving, walking; as in rāmāyaṇaṃ.

2 A walk, path, way, road; agastyacihnādayanāt R. 16. 44.

3 A place, site, abode, place of resort; tā yadasyāyanaṃ pūrvaṃ Ms. 1. 10 (occurring in the derivation of the word nārāyaṇa).

4 A way of entrance, an entrance (to (pb) an array of troops or vyūha); ayaneṣu ca sarveṣu yathābhāgamavāsthitāḥ Bg. 1. 11.

5 Rotation, circulation period; aṃgirasāṃ ayanaṃ; iṣṭi°, paśu°.

6 A particular period in the year for the performance of particular sacrificial or other religious works; N. of certain sacrificial performances; as gavāmayanaṃ.

7 The sun's passage, north and south of the equator.

8 (Hence) The period of duration of this passage, half year, the time from one solstice to another; see uttarāyaṇa and dakṣiṇāyana; cf. also sāyana and nirayaṇa.

9 The equinoctial and solstitial points; dakṣiṇaṃ ayanaṃ winter solstice; uttaraṃ ayanaṃ summer solstice.

10 Method, manner, way.

11 A Śāstra, scripture or inspired writing.

12 Final emancipation; nānyaḥ paṃthā vidyate'yanāya Śvet. Up.

13 A commentary; treatise.

14 The deities presiding over the ayanas.

Comp.

— aṃśaḥ, bhāgaḥ the are between the vernal equinoctial point and the beginning of the fixed zodiac or first point in Aries.

— kālaḥ the interval between the solstices.

— jaḥ a month caused by ayanamsa.

— saṃkramaḥ, saṃkrāṃtiḥ f. passage through the zodiac.

— vṛttaṃ the ecliptic.

áyana a. going, coming; n. motion, walk. course, esp. the sun's road between the solstitial points, also solstice, half-year; way, manner; refuge, residence.

ayana áy-ana, a. going, coming ; n. going;
way; course; certain Soma sacrifice lasting
a year; sun's course from one solstice to another;
half-year; solstice; resting-place.

áyana a mfn. going, VS. xxii, 7; Nir.

áyana n. walking, a road, a path, RV. iii, 33, 7 &c. (often ifc. cf. naimiṣāyana, puruṣāyaṇa, praśamāyana, samudrāyaṇa, svedāyana), (in astron.) advancing, precession, Sūryas.

(with gen. [e.g. ángirasām, ādityā́nām, gavām, &c.] or ifc.) ‘course, circulation’, N. of various periodical sacrificial rites, AV.; ŚBr. &c. the sun's road north and south of the equator, the half year, Mn. &c., the equinoctial and solstitial points, VarBṛS. &c.

way, progress, manner, ŚBr.

place of refuge, Mn. i, 10

a treatise (śāstra cf. jyotiṣām-ayana), L.

áyana b See √ ay, col. 2.

ayana

n. (-naṃ)

1. A road, a path.

2. The half year, that is, the sun's road
north and south of the equator. See uttarāyaṇa, &c.

3. The equinoe-
tial and solstitial points.

4. A Sastra or inspired writing.

E. iṇa to
go, and lyuṭ aff.

ayana a. [ay-lyuṭ] Going (at the end of comp.); yathemā nadyaḥ syandamānāḥ samudrāyaṇāḥ Praśn. Up. 1 Going, moving, walking; as in rāmāyaṇam. -2 A walk, path, way, road; āyannāpo'yanamicchamānāḥ Rv.3.33.7. agastyacihnādayanāt R.16.44. -3 A place, site, abode, place of resort; Bṛi. Up.2.4.11. tā yadasyāyanaṃ pūrvam Ms.1.10 (occurring in the derivation of the word nārāyaṇa). -4 A way of entrance, an entrance (to an array of troops or vyūha); ayaneṣu ca sarveṣu yathābhāgamavasthitāḥ Bg.1.11. -5 Rotation, circulation period; aṅgirasāṃ ayanam; iṣṭi˚, paśu˚. -6 A particular period in the year for the performance of particular sacrificial or other religious works; N. of certain sacrificial performances; as gavāmayanam. -7 The sun's passage, north and south of the equator. -8 (Hence) The period of this passage, half year, the time from one solstice to another; see uttarāyaṇa and dakṣiṇāyana; cf. also sāyana and nirayaṇa. -9 the equinoctial and solstitial points; dakṣiṇam ayanam winter solstice; uttaram ayanam summer solstice; -10 Method, manner, way. -11 A Śāstra, scripture or inspired writing. -12 Final emancipation; nānyaḥ panthā vidyate'yanāya Śvet. Up. -13 A commentary; treatise. -14 The deities presiding over the ayanas. -Comp. -aṃśaḥ, -bhāgaḥ the arc between the vernal equinoctial point and beginning of the fixed zodiac or first point of Aries. -kalāḥ The correction (in minutes) for ecliptic deviation. Sūryasiddhānta. -kālaḥ the interval between the solstices. -grahaḥ A planet's longitude as corrected for ecliptic deviation; ibid. -jaḥ a month caused by ayanāṁśa. -parivṛttiḥ Change of the ayana; sun's passage from one side of the equator to the other; ayanaparivṛttirvyastaśabdenocyate | ŚB. on MS.6.5.37. -saṃkramaḥ, -saṃkrāntiḥ f. passage through the zodiac. -vṛttam the ecliptic.

ayana ayana n. (i) chemin;

action d'aller.

Une demi-année, proprement une marche du Soleil d'un solstice à l'autre.

ayana- nt. fait d'aller, chemin (aussi fig.); abri; cours du soleil d'un solstice à l'autre, demi-année.

áyana (von i)

1) adj. gehend NIR. 2, 7. 9, 3. 10, 41. am Ende eines compositum: yathemā nadyaḥ syandamānāḥ samudrāyaṇāḥ (zum Meere hinströmend) — imāḥ ṣoḍaśa kalāḥ puruṣāyaṇāḥ (zum Geiste hinstrebend) PRAŚNOP. 6, 5. Das patronymische suff. ayana gehört ursprünglich wohl auch hierher.

— 2) n.

a) das Gehen, Gang; Weg AK. 2, 1, 15. H. 983. an. 3, 352. MED. n. 28. nānyaḥ panthā̂ vidyàte 'yânāya VS. 31, 18 (= ŚVETĀŚV. UP. 3, 8. 6, 15). āyànnāpo 'yânamìcchamā̂nāḥ ṚV. 3, 33, 7. àpāṃ tvāyâne sādayāmi VS. 13, 53. ànyatrā̀smadayânā kṛṇuṣva AV. 10, 1, 16. 8, 21. ŚAT. BR. 2, 4, 2, 6. NIR. 2, 25. 10, 21. KAUŚ. 140. RAGH. 16, 44. tā (āpaḥ) yadasyāyanam M. 1, 10. ayaneṣu ca sarveṣu yathābhāgamavasthitāḥ per tramites aciei cunctos secundum ordines collocati BHAG. 1, 11. svedā́yana Schweissloch ŚAT. BR. 12, 3, 2, 5. YĀJÑ. 3, 103.

— b) Lauf, Umlauf, περίοδος: iṣṭyayanāni sāṃvatsarikāṇi ĀŚV. ŚR. 2, 14. So dient das Wort zur Bezeichnung einer Anzahl periodischer im Laufe eines Jahres sich hinziehender Opferfeste, die ihre bes. Benennungen führen. aṅgirasāmayanam, ādityānāmayanam, dākṣiṇānāmayanam AV. 18, 4, 8. AIT. BR. 4, 17. ĀŚV. ŚR. 12, 2. ŚAT. BR. 4, 4, 5, 19. KĀTY. ŚR. 24, 4, 3. aryamṇo 'ya° ĀŚV. ŚR. 12, 6. gavāmaya° AIT. BR. 4, 17. ĀŚV. ŚR. 11, 7. KĀTY. ŚR. 24, 4, 48. 5, 2. 9. 7, 24. kuṇḍapāyināmaya° ĀŚV. ŚR. 12, 4, 7. KĀTY. ŚR. 24, 4, 20. turāyaṇa ŚĀṄKH. BR. in Ind. St. 2, 288. ĀŚV. ŚR. 2, 14. dākṣāyaṇa 2, 14. dṛtivātavatoraya° 12, 3. KĀTY. ŚR. 24, 4, 16. 34. 6, 41. dyāvāpṛthivyoraya° ĀŚV. ŚR. 2, 14. paśvayana 12, 7. mitrāvaruṇayoraya° 6. munyayana ŚĀṄKH. BR. in Ind. St. 2, 288. saṃsadāmaya° ĀŚV. ŚR. 11, 3. satrāyaṇa ŚAT. BR. 4, 4, 5, 20. sarpāṇāmayanam ĀŚV. ŚR. 12, 4.

— c) der Lauf der Sonne (nach einer Richtung), die Zeit von einem Solstitium zum andern, Halbjahr AK. 1, 1, 3, 13. H. 158. MED. n. 28. SUŚR. 1, 19, 3. VP. 23. BRAHMA-P. in LA. 55, 13. ayanasyādau M. 4, 26. pratyayanam jedes halbe Jahr YĀJÑ. 1, 125. das Halbjahr, in dem die Sonne nach Norden sich bewegt, heisst: udagayana M. 1, 67. uttarāyaṇa 6, 10. uttaramayanam PRAŚNOP. 1, 9. das andere Halbjahr: dakṣiṇāyaṇa M. 1, 67. dakṣiṇamayanam PRAŚNOP. 1, 9. dākṣasyāyanam M. 6, 10.

— d) das Solstitium selbst H. an. 3, 352 (gehe 'rkasyodagdakṣiṇato gatau). dakṣiṇam das Winter -, uttaram das Sommersolstitium VARĀH. BṚH. S. in Z. f. d. K. d. M. IV, 327. ayanadvayam YĀJÑ. 1, 217. ayanacalana COLEBR. Misc. Ess. II, 374. fgg.

— e) Weg, Vorgang, Art und Weise: etannvekamayanam .. athedaṃ dvitīyam ŚAT. BR. 2, 2, 1, 22. 23. 5, 3, 10. 4, 6, 8, 7. 8. 12. 13. 5, 3, 10, 11. 11, 1, 7, 3. samena ha vā asyāyanenetaṃ bhatati ya evametadveda 12, 3, 5, 13.

— f) Lehrbuch (śāstra): jyotiṣāmayanaṃ (gehört offenbar zu 2,a.) netraṃ niruktaṃ śrotramucyate TITHYĀDITATTVA im ŚKDR.

— Vgl. āgrāyaṇa, rasāyana, svastyayana u. s. w.

ayana

1) samudrāyaṇa und puruṣāyaṇa sind als adj. compp. aufzufassen und gehören also zu

2)

a) Vgl. noch praśamāyana wandelnd in BHĀG. P. 1, 1, 15. naimiṣāyana so v. a. sich aufhaltend in 3, 20, 7. Z. 4 streiche die Worte «Das—hierher.»

— 2)

b) gavāmayanam s. auch u. go 1).

— g) = sthāna Platz, Ort HALĀY. 4, 77.

ayana

2)

a) das Vorrücken (precession) SŪRYAS. 3, 10.

— c) SŪRYAS. 11, 1. 2. 17. 12, 51. 61. 68. 14, 9.

— d) SŪRYAS. 3, 11. 13, 10. fg. 14, 3.

áyana, n., Gang, Weg [von i].

-am {267,7}.

áyana

— 1) Adj. gehend , kommend VS. 22,7.

— 2) n.

— a) Gang , Weg. In der Astr. das Vorrücken.

— b) Lauf , Umlauf. Mit einem Gen. oder am Ende eines Comp. Bez. bestimmter ein Jahr und länger dauernder Soma-Opfer LĀṬY. 10,13,2. JAIM. 2,3,5.

— c) der Lauf der Sonne nach Süden oder Norden , die Zeit von einem Solstitium zum andern , Halbjahr.

— d) Solstitium.

— e) Zufluchtsort , Ruhestätte M. 1,10.

— f) Vorgang , Art und Weise.

— g) *Bestechung GAL.

áyana gehend, kommend; n. Gang, Weg, Lauf.

ayana n. (r. i ire s. ana) via. BH. 1. 11.

ayana;
adhvā panthāḥ paddhatirekapadī vartma vartanī saraṇiḥ .
ayanaṃ padavī mārgaḥ padyā ca nigadyate nigamaḥ .. 260 ..
2.1.1.260

ayana;
sthaṇḍilaṃ saṃskṛtā bhūmirayanaṃ sthānamucyate .. 762 ..
4.1.1.762

ayana na0 aya—bhāve lyuṭ . 1 gatau, dakṣiṇata uttarasyām,
uttarataśca dakṣiṇasyāṃ sūryyasya candrasya ca 2 gatau, tathāhi
dvādaśarāśyātmakasya rāśicakrasyārddhaṃ makarāvadhimithunaparyyantam
rāśiṣaṭkaṃ krameṇa uttarāvanataṃ tatra sthito'rkaścandro vā
svagatyā prācīṃ gacchannapi kiñcit kiñcittiryyaggatyā
uttarāmabhikrāmati, evaṃ karkaṭāvadhidhanuḥparyyantaṃ rāśiṣaṭkaṃ
kremeṇa dakṣiṇāvanataṃ tatra sthito'rkaścandro vā prāgvat dakṣi-
ṇāmevābhikrāmati seyaṃ gatirayanaśabdena jyotiṣe vyava-
hriyate tatra sūryyasyāyanaṃ sauraiḥ ṣaḍbhirmāṃsairekaṃ bhavatīti
ca tatraiva prasiḍvam . “ayanaviṣṇupadīṣaḍaśītaya” ityukteḥ
3 ayanākhyasaṃkrāntau sā hi paribhāṣikāyanaśabdavācyā .
nabhomaṇḍale pravahānilena paścādgatyā baṃbhramyamāṇasya rāśi-
cakrasya nirādhāratayā dolāyamānatvena saptaviṃśāṃśaparyyantaṃ
prāk paścācca gatirbhavati . krāntisthānañca aṣṭamāsā-
dhika 66.8 ṣaṭṣaṣṭivarṣairekaikamaṃśamatītya prāk, paścādvā
calatīti 1800 aṣṭadaśaśatavarṣaiḥ saptaviṃśāṃśaparyyantaṃ
prākgatvā punaḥ paścāt, paścādgatvā ca punaḥ prāgavalambate .
yadā caivaṃ rāśicakrasyāyanasthānaṃ prāk gacchati tadā rāśi-
cakranirddiṣṭameṣādisthānāt uktakālabhedenekaikāṃśātikrameṇa
kramaśaḥ prāci, prāktare, prāktane, vā sthāne ravyādi-
grahāṇāṃ prabhāpuñjasañcāraḥ . yadā tu paścādavalambate tadā
nirdiṣṭameṣādisyānāt tathaiva pare, paratare, paratame, ca sthāne
grahāṇāṃ prabhāpuñjasañcāra iti bhedaḥ . idānīñca paścimā-
yanaṃ tena rāśisthānāt paścādeva grahaprabhāpuñjasañcāraḥ .
tathāca jyotighoktagaṇitarītyā mīnāntāt paścādekaviṃśāṃśe
evedānī viṣuvādisaṃkrāntirbhavati evaṃ viṣṇupadyādīnāmapi
tattadaṃśa eva grahaprabhāpuñjasañcāraḥ . ayañcāyanānusāreṇa graha-
prabhāpuñjasañcārasvīkāraḥ dinamānaviśeṣasya lagnaparimāṇasya
chāyāpadaviśeṣasya, ca bodhārthamiti siddhānte prasiddham .
karaṇe lyuṭi . 4 uktāyanajñānasādhane śāstre, “jyoti-
ṣāmayanañcaiveti” 5 sainyaniveśaviśeṣarūpavyūhapraveśamārge ca
“ayaneṣu ca sarvveṣu yathābhāgamavasthitāḥ” iti gītā .
ādhāre lyuṭ . 6 pathi, 7 gṛhe, 8 āśraye, 9 sthāne, “tā
yadasyāyanaṃ pūrvvamiti” manuḥ . prāguktarāśicakrasya krāntivṛttā
rambhasthānaviśeṣe 10 aṃśādau ca “tatkāle sāyanārkasyeti”
nīlakaṇṭaḥ . tathāhi mīnānto hi yugādau ayanāṃśaprathama
sthānaṃ tataḥprāggatyā kiyadaṃśaparyyantacalanena parāvṛtya paścādgatyā
pūrvarāśeḥ kiyadaṃśaparyyantaṃ gatvā punaḥprāggatyā prāthamikacalana
sthānaprāptau ayanasyaikovilakṣaṇo bhagaṇo bhavati ityevaṃ
sthite tadbhagaṇapūraṇakālādijñāpanāya kiñcidabhidhīyate . sūrya
siddhānte . “triṃśatkṛtyo yuge bhānāṃ cakraṃ prāka parilambate .
tadguṇādbhūdinairbhaktāddyugaṇādyadavāpyate .. taddostrighnā daśāptāṃśā
vijñeyā ayanābhidhāḥ . tatsaṃskṛtāṭgrahāt krānticchāyā-
caradalādikam” iti .. “bhānāṃ cakraṃ rāśīnāṃ vṛttaṃ krānti-
vṛttaṃ svasvavikṣepamitaśalākāgraprotanakṣatragaṇairyuktamityarthaḥ . yuge
mahāyuge prāk pūrvvavibhāge triṃśata kṛtyastriṃśatsaṅkhyakā kṛyaḥ
rviṃśatayaḥ ṣaṭśatamityarthaḥ . parilambate dhruvādhārabhagolasthā-
nāt taddūramavalambate . atra parilambata ityanena bhacakra-
pūrṇabhramaṇābhāva ukto'nyathā grahabhagaṇaprasaṅgena madhyādhi-
kāra evaitaduktaṃ syāt . tathā ca taddūramavalambanoktyā parā-
vṛrtya yathāsthitaṃ bhavatītyāgataṃ yathāpi svasthānāt tathaiva
paścimato'pyavalambata iti sūcitam . evañca bhacakraṃ paści-
mata īśvarecchayā prathamataḥ katicidbhāgaiścalati tataḥ parā-
vṛtya yathāsthitaṃ bhavati tato'pi tadbhāgaiḥ krameṇa pūrvvataśca-
lati tato'pi parāvṛtya yathāvasthānaṃsthitamityeko vilakṣaṇo
bhagaṇaḥ . tena prāgityupalakṣaṇam . paścimāvalambanānuktistu
saṃvādakāle tadabhāvāt . atra triṃśatkṛtva iti pāṭhaḥ
prāmādikaḥ . “yuge ṣaṭśatakṛtvo hi bhacakraṃ prāgvila-
mbate” iti somasiddhāntavirodhāt . “tat paścāccalitaṃ
cakramiti” brahmasiddhāntokteśca . ahargaṇāt tadguṇāt ṣaṭ-
śataguṇitād bhūdinairyugīyasūryasāvanadinairbhaktādyat phalaṃ bhaga-
ṇādikaṃ prāpyate tasya bhagaṇatyāgena rāśyādikasya bhujaḥ kāryasta-
smāddaśāptāṃśā daśabhirbhajanenāptabhāgāstriguṇitā ayanasaṃ-
jñakā jñeyāḥ . bhujāṃśāstriguṇitā daśabhaktāḥ phalamaya-
nāṃśā iti tātparyyārthaḥ . tatsaṃskṛtāt tairayanāṃśairbhacakra-
pūrvvāparacalanavaśādyutahīnādgrahāt pūrvvāparabhacakracalanāvaga-
mastvayanagrahasya ṣadbhāntargatānantargatatvakrameṇa krānticchā-
yācaradalādikaṃ sādhyam . na kevalāt, biśeṣokteḥ . chāyā
vakṣyamāṇā caradalaṃ caraṃ pūrvvādhikāroktam . ādiśabdā-
dayanavalanamāyanadṛkkarmma saṅgṛhyate . yadyapi tatsaṃskṛtādgra-
hāt krāntirityeva vaktavyamanyeṣāmatra tadupajīvyatvādgra-
haṇaṃ vyarthaṃ tathāpi krāntirityuktyā kevalakrāntijñānārthaṃ
tatsaṃskṛtagrahāt krāntiḥ sādhyā . padārthāntaropajīvyāyāḥ
krānteḥ sādhanaṃ tu kevalādityasya vāraṇārthaṃ krāntimātraṃ
tatsaṃskṛtāt sādhyamiti sūcakaṃ chāyācaradalādikathanam .
īśvarecchayā krāntivṛttaṃ svamārge paścimataḥ saptaviṃśatyaṃśaiḥ
kramopacitaiścalitaṃ tataḥ parāvṛtya svasthāna āgatya tatsthā-
nāt pūrbataḥ saptaviṃśatyaṃśaiścalitam . tathā ca sṛṣṭyādibhūta-
krāntiviṣuvaddṛttasampātāśritakrāntivṛttapradeśo revatyāmannaḥ
prāgānītagrahabhogāvadhirūpaḥ svasthānāt pūrvvamaparatra vā
krāntivṛttamārge gataḥ . viṣuvadvṛtte tu tadbhāgasya vā paścima-
bhāgaḥ pūrvvabhāgo vā gataḥ . sampāte tadvṛttayoryāmyotta-
rāntarābhāvāt krāntyabhāvaḥ . pūrvvasampātapradeśe tu tayo-
ryyāmyottarāntaratvāt krāntirutpannāto yathāsthitagrahabho-
gāt krāntirasaṅgateti sampātāvadhikagrahabhogāt krāntiryuktā
tatra sampātāvadhikagrahabhogajñānārthaṃ pūrvvasampātāvadhikaḥ
pūrvvādhikārokto grahamogo varttamānasampātapūrvvasampātā-
śritakrāntivṛttapradeśayorantarabhāgairayanāṃśākhyaiḥ pūrvvasampā-
tapradeśasya pūrvvapaścimāvsthānakrameṇa yutahīno bhavati .
krāntyu pajīṃvyāḥ padārthā api varttamānasampātādutpannā iti
tatsādhanamapi tatsaṃskṛtagrahāt . athāyanāṃśajñānaṃ tu ṣaṭ-
śatabhagaṇebhyaḥ pūrvvānupātarītyāhargaṇādgrahabhogo bhagaṇā-
dikastatra gatabhagaṇamitaṃ parapūrvvabhacakrāvalambanaṃ gatam .
varttamānaṃ tvārambhe paścimāvalambanādrāśiṣaṭkāntargate rāśyā-
dike paścimāvalambanamanantargate pūrbdhāvalambanam . tatrāpi
tribhāntargagatānantargatatvakrameṇa calanaṃ parāvarttanamiti bhujaḥ
sādhitastato navatyaṃśairyadi saptaviṃśatimāgāstadā bhujāṃśaiḥ ki
mityanupātenaṃ guṇaharau navabhirapavartya bhujāṃśāstriguṇitā
daśabhaktā iti sarvvamupapannam raṅga0” .. “sphuṭaṃ dṛktulyatāṃ
gacchedayane viṣuvadvaye . prāk cakraṃ calitaṃ hidaṃ chāyārkāt
karaṇāgate .. antarāṃśairathāvṛtya paścāccheṣaistathādhike” sū0
si0 . “ayane dakṣiṇottarāyaṇasandhau viṣuvadvaye golasandhau
calitaṃ cakraṃdṛktulyatāṃ dṛṣṭigocaratāṃ sphuṭamanāyasaṃ gacchet .
tatra pratyakṣatastasmin gatyantaraṃ dvaśyata ityarthaḥ . tathā ca
sṛṣṭyādikāle revatīyogatārāsannāvadhimeṣatulādyoḥ karka-
makarādyorviṣuvāyanapravṛtteridānīmanyatra tatkharūpe pratyakṣe iti
krāntivṛttaṃ calitamanyathā tadanupapatteriti bhāvaḥ . nanu
pūrvvato'paratra vā calitamiti kathaṃ jñeyamityata āha .
prāgiti . chāyārkādyaddine sūryasyāyanadikparāvarttanamudaye
prācyaparasūtrasthatvaṃ vā tasmin dine'nyanmit dine vā madhyā-
hnacchāyāto vakṣyamāṇaprakāreṇa sūryaḥ sādhyastasmādityarthaḥ .
karaṇāgate prāguktaprakāreṇātītaḥ spaṣṭaḥ sūryastasminnityarthaḥ .
nyūne sati antarāṃśaiḥ sūryayorantarāṃśaiścakraṃ krāntivṛttaṃ
prāk pūrvvasmin calitamiti jñeyam . atha yadyadhike sati
śeṣai sūryayorantarāṃśai ścakramāvṛtya parivṛtya paścāt paścimā-
bhimukhaṃ tathā calitamiti jñeyam . atropapattiḥ . chāyāto
vakṣyamāṇaprakāreṇa sūryyo varttamānasampātādgaṇitāgatastu
revatītārāsannādyavadhito'tastayorantaramayanāṃśāstatra krā-
ntivṛttasya pūrvvacalane gaṇitāgatacchāyārko'dhiko
bhavati paścimacalane tu nyūno bhavatīti sarvvagupapannam” .
raṅganāthaḥ .. evamayanasya prakṛtasthānāt calane
sthite saurāgame “triṃśatkṛtyoyuge bhānā” mityukteḥ
somasiddhānte “yuge ṣaṭśatakṛtvo hi bhacakraṃ prāk
vilambate” ityukteśca 4320000 varṣamite yuge ṣaṭśatai-
rvibhājite labdhaiḥ 7200 varṣaireko'yanasya bhagaṇī
bhavatīti gamyate . evañcoktadiśā yugāditaḥ prathamaṃ
mīnāntāt meṣasaptaviṃśatiparyantaṃ prāk gatvā tataḥ
parivṛtya mīnaśeṣaparyantaṃ saptaviṃśatyaśairāgatya tato'pi
paścādgatyā saptaviṃśatyaṃśaiḥ mīnacaturthāṃśaparyantamāgatya parāvṛtya
prāggatyā punaḥ saptaviṃtyaṃśaiḥ mīnaśeṣaparyantaṃ dhāvati ityevaṃ
caturbhiḥ saptaviṃśatyaṃśaiḥ aṣṭottaraśatāṃśaiḥ prāgpaścādgatibhedena
eko'yanabhagaṇobhavatīti prāguktaiḥ 7200 varṣaiḥ yadi 108
aṃśāḥ tadā ekāṃśe kimityanupātena 66 . 8 aṣṭa-
māsāghikaṣaṭṣaṣṭivarṣairekekāṃśāyanacalanam iti pratibhāti
tataśca yadi 66 . 8 varṣādibhiḥ 60 kalātmako'ṃśastadā eka-
varṣeṇa kimityanupāte 54 vikalāḥ prativarṣamayana sthānacalana
māyāti atra prāgityukteḥ sṛṣṭyādau yugādau ca prathamaṃ
prāgeva gatirna tu paścimataḥ tathātve idānīntanāṃśavaiṣamyā-
patteḥ . tathā hi 4320000 yuge yadi ṣaṭśatāni
ayanabhagaṇāstadā 1728000 kṛtayuge kimityanupātena
240 bhagaṇāḥ 1296000 tretāyuge 180 bhagaṇāḥ
864000 dvāpare 120 bhagaṇāḥ ityevaṃ tripuge 540
bhagaṇā gatā idānīṃ kaliyugasya varṣāgatā 4973 yadi
7200 varṣeṣu 108 aṃśātmakībhagaṇastadā 4973 varṣeṣu
kimiti trairāśike 74 aṃśāḥ 35 kalāḥ 44 vikalāḥ
labdhā tathā ca 108 aṃśātmakāyanabhagaṇamadhye etāvadaṃśā-
dayo gatā iti labhyate . tatra yadi prathamaṃ paścādgatyā bhaga-
ṇārambhastadā mīnāntāt caturthāṃśaṃ yāvat paścādgatyā parā-
vṛtya mīnaparyyantagamane 54 aṃśāḥ gatāḥ tata prāggatyā meṣa-
saptaviṃ śatyaṃ śairgatisvīkāre idānīṃ meṣasya 20 . 35 . 44 aya-
nāṃśādiḥ syāt . naca tat chāyādisaṃvādi prathamaṃ prāggati
svīkāre tu prāggatyā prathamaṃ mīnāntāt meṣasya saptaviṃśatyaṃ
śaparyantaṃ gatvā paścādgatyā saptaviṃśatyaṃśaiḥ mīnāntagamane
54 aṃśāḥ gatāḥ tataḥ paścādgatyā mīnasya ete 20 . 35 . 44
aṃśādayogatāstathā ca paścādgatyā mīnasya navamāṃśe
idānīmayanāṃśādiriti sarvvajyotirvitsampadāyaḥ .
ataeva etadayanāṃśamādāyaiva grahaspaṣṭādikaṃ grahaṇaṃ
sādhyate dinamānādikañcānīyate . idīntanāḥ jyoti-
vidāṃśiromaṇayaḥ sarvagaṇakāvataṃsāḥ paṇḍitottamāḥ śrīma-
ntovāpudevaśāstriṇaḥ ayanacalanasya rāhudṛṣṭāntena sarvvathā
vilomagatitayāyanabhagaṇam yadurīcakruḥ tatra virodhādikaṃ
pradarśayiṣyate taddṛṣṭvā vidvadbhistasya pramādo'pramādo vā
vagantavyaḥ . tathā hi chāyādinā ayanabhogasya pratibarṣaṃ
54 vikalāḥ idānīṃ paścādayanasthānacalanaṃ ca sarvajyoti-
rvitprasiddham . tatra kevalaṃ paścādgatyā'yanasthānacalanena
bhacakrasya bhramaṇāṅgīkāre . yadi 54 vikalābhiḥ eko varṣastadā
1296000 vikalātmakabhacakrabhramaṇe kati varṣā ityanu-
pātena 24000 varṣeṣveko bhagaṇo bhavati yadi 24000
varṣaiḥ ekobhagaṇaḥ tadā 432000 varṣātmake mahāyuge kati
bhagaṇābhavanti ityanupātena 180 bhagaṇābhavanti .
tataśca saurasomasiddhāntoktaṣaṭśatasaṃkhyāvirodhaḥ idānīṃ
mīnanavāṃśe ayanasthānevirodhaśca . tathā hi tanmate rāśi-
cakrasya kevalaṃ vilomagatyāyanabhagaṇasvīkāreṇa prāguktaṭiśā
24000 varṣairekobhagaṇaḥ tadā 1728000 varṣātmake
kṛtaṃyuge katītyanupātena 72 bhagaṇāḥ . 1296000
vardhātmakatretāyām 54, 864000 dvāpare 36 ityevaṃ
triyuge 162 bhagaṇāḥ gatāḥ idānīṃ kaleḥ 4973
gatābdeṣu kimiti jijñāsāyām yadi 54 vikalābhireko
varṣastadā 4973 varṣeṣu kimityanupāte 74 . 35 . 44
aṃśādayogatāḥ ityāyāti tanmate ca mīnāntāt sarvathā
paścādgatyā bhagaṇapūraṇasvīkāreṇa mīnāntāt 74 . 35 . 44
aṃśāditaḥ pūrvvamayanasthānāpattiḥ tathāca mīnāntāt
tāvadbhiraṃśaiḥ pūrvvaṃ makarasya pañcadaśāṃśe ayanāṃśādi
syāt . na ca tathā pratyakṣādibhiravagamyate nāpi jyotirvidāṃ
keṣāñcitsammatam ato'yanasthānena kevalavilomagatyā
bhacakrasya bhramaṇoktiḥ sāhasameva . kiñca aticirantanakālaiḥ
saṃvādanīye prāggatitve paścādgatitve vā ārṣa jñānaṃ vinā
nirṇayāsambhavaḥ ataḥ saurādyāgamoktaṃ prāggatitvamanā-
dṛtya prathamaṃ paścādgatisvīkāraḥ kevalapaścādgatisvīkāraḥ
ayanacalanasya tadbhagaṇasaṃkhyāto viṣamakalpanañcārvāgdṛśāṃ
āgasavirodhāt vacanamātreṇa na śraddhāya prabhavati .
kiñca saurāgamādyuktaṃ prāggatitvaṃmanādṛtya kevalaṃ
paścādgatitvaṃ yat svīkṛtaṃ tat sarvvavyayahāralopakam
tithyādisādhanāṅgāyanāṃśādivilopakañca . etena iṃla-
ṇḍiyā api jyotirvettāraḥ sṛṣṭikālasya ṣaṭsahasra-
kālamātraparimitivādino'pi parāstāḥ . tairapi prativarṣaṃ
54 vikalāḥ ayanāṃśabhogāḥ svīkṛtāḥ svīkṛtaśca
ṣaṭaṣaṣṭivarṣairakāṃśabhogaḥ tathā ca 66 . 8 varṣādibhiryadi eko-
'ṃśaḥ paścādgacchati tadā taduktasṛṣṭikāle 6000 katītya-
nupāte 90 aṃśāḥ samāyānti tena mīnāntāt 90 aṃśāntare
paścādgatyā dhanuḥśeṣāṃśe'yanārambhaḥ syāt tadetaddṛṣṭaviruddha-
tvādapekṣyamevaṃmīnāntaṃ vihāya anyatra kāntivṛttārambhasthā-
nataścalanakalpane na vinigamakamamasti iti vijātīyajyoti-
rvidāmmatamasaṅgatameva tairapi tadavadhikrāntivṛttārambhāṃśacalana-
svīkārāt . idānīṃ ca saṃvādyayanānusāreṇa mīnāntāt
20 . 35 . 44 tatrānupāteprāyeṇa 1370 varṣā āyānti tatraiva
sṛṣṭikalpanantu naiva sambhavati khrīṣṭābda 1873 kālasyatato-
'dhikatvena tatpūrvvaṃ sṛṣṭerucitatvāt . punarbhagaṇāntarasvīkāre
tu 24000 varṣāstato'dhikāḥ syustena 2535 varṣāḥ sṛṣṭi
kālāḥ antataḥ syuḥ tāvatitheca kāle sarvagrahāṇāṃ meṣādau
sthityasambhava eva iti sarvathā tanmatamanādarayaṇīyameva . prāg-
darśitasaraṇau prīcīnasammatirapi yathā . “mṛgasaṃkrāntitaḥ
pūrvvaṃ paścāttārādināntare . prativarṣaṃ catuḥ pañcapalamāna-
krameṇa tu . ṣaṭṣaṣṭivatsarānekadinaṃ syādayanaṃ raveḥ . evaṃ
catuḥpañcadinādayanārambhaṇaṃ kramāt . vyutkrameṇa ca tadvat
syādudagyānaṃ raverdhruvam . karkisaṃkramaṇe tadvadabhitodakṣiṇāya-
nam . ayanāṃśakrameṇaiva viṣuvārambhaṇaṃ tathā . ravisaṃkrānti-
tomeṣatulayorabhitaḥ punaḥ” tithi0 ta0 . adhikamayana-
saṃkrāntiśabde vakṣyate . eti sūryyodakṣiṇāmuttarāṃ
vā'tra ādhāre lyuṭ . pūrvvoktarītyā sūryasyottara-
dakṣiṇāgatyādhāre 11 kāle tathā ca . “tapastapasyau śiśi-
rāvṛtuḥ madhuśca mādhavaśca vāsantikāvṛtuḥ śukraśca
śuciśca grīṣmāvṛtuḥ athaitaduttarāyaṇaṃ devānāṃ dinaṃ nabhaśca
nabhasyaśca vārṣikāvṛtuḥ iṣaśca ūrjaśca śāradāvṛtuḥ sahāśca
sahasyaśca haimantikāvṛtuḥ athaitaddakṣiṇāyanaṃ devānāṃ rātriḥ”
iti śrutau “agnirjyotirahaḥ śuklaḥ ṣaṇmāsā uttarāyaṇam
tatra prayātā gacchanti brahma brahmavidojanāḥ . dhūmorātri-
stathā vahniḥ ṣaṇmāsādakṣiṇāyanamiti” gītāyāñca ṣaṇmāsā-
nāmeva ayanatvenābhidhānāt . 12 ayanābhimānideveṣu
“ātivāhikāstalliṅgāt” śā0 sū0 . arccirādīnāṃ
tadamimānadevatāparatvavyavasthāpanāt “te'cirṣamabhisampadyante
arcciṣo'haḥ ahna āpūryyamāṇapakṣam āpūryyamāṇapakṣāt
yānudaṅṅeti tānmāsān māsebhyaḥ saṃvatsaramityupakramya
saetān brahma gamayatīti” chā0 u0 śrutau brahma-
gamayitṛtvokteḥ teṣāṃ cetanaparatvaucityam . “ayate yāti
anena ṛtutrayeṇa sūryyodakṣiṇāśāmuttarāśāṃ veti
ṛtutrayamayana tathā ca vājasaneyinaḥ pañcāgnividyāyāṃ
dakṣiṇottaramārgayoḥ samāmananti . “yān ṣaṇmāsān
dakṣiṇāditya eti, yān ṣaṇmāsānudaṅṅāditya etīti”
tathā chandogā adhīyate . “yān ṣaḍdakṣiṇaiti—māsān
tān, yān ṣaḍuttaraiti māsāṃstāniti” taittirīyāḥ kratu
grahabrāhmaṇepaṭhanti “tasmādādityaḥ ṣaṇmāsān dakṣiṇenaiti
ṣaḍ ttareṇaiti” evaṃcādityagatimupajīvyāyananiṣpatteḥ saura-
mevaitat ata eva viṣṇu dharmmottare sauramānamadhikṛtyoktam
“ṛtutrayaṃ cāyanaṃsyāditi” kecittu cāndramānenāyanadvayama-
bhyupagacchanti “mārgamāsādikaistribhiḥ ṛtubhiḥ kalpitaḥ
kālaḥ ṣaṇmāsātmakamuttarāyaṇaṃ jyaiṣṭhamāsādikaiḥ dakṣiṇāyana-
miti tatra pramāṇaṃ jyotiḥ śāstrādau mṛgyaṃ śrautasmārttakarmānu-
ṣṭhāne tu makarakarkaṭasaṃkrāntyādika evāyanadvayakāla iti
yathoktaśrutismṛtibhyāmavagantavyam uttarāyaṇasya yāgakarmā-
ṅgacaṃ kaṇvā adhīyate “udagayana āpūryyamāṇe pakṣe puṇyāhe
dvādaśāhamupasadvatī bhūtvetyādi” . caulādīnāmuttarāyaṇakartta-
vyatā gṛhyasmṛtiṣu prasiddhā . satyavrataśca devatāpratiṣṭhādīnā-
muttarāyaṇadakṣiṇāyanayorvidhiniṣedhāvāha “devatārāmavā-
pyādipratiṣṭhodaṅnukhe ravau . dakṣiṇābhimukhe kurvvan na tat-
phalamavāpnuyāditi” ugnadevatānāṃ pratiṣṭhā dakṣiṇāyane
karttavyā tathā ca vaikhānasasaṃhitāyāmabhihitam “mātṛ-
bhairavavārāhanārasiṃhatrivikramāḥ . mahiṣāsurahantrī ca
sthāpyā vai dakṣiṇāyana iti” kālamādhavīye mādhavaḥ .
“saureṇa dyuniśorvāmaṃ ṣaḍaśītimukhāṃnica . ayanaṃ
viṣuvaccaiva saṃkrānteḥ puṇyakālatā” . sū0 si0 ukteḥ
ayanaṃ sauramānenaivetyavagamyate . kāntivṛttārambhasthāna-
calanaṃ ca sarveṣāṃ rāśīnāṃ svasvasthānāt prāk paścādvā
ayanāṃśānusāreṇānyatra sthāne bhavati . tasya sphuṭā-
nayanamayanasaṃkrāntiśabde vakṣyate . “saṃkrāntiṣu yathā
kālastadīye'pyayane tathā” kā0 mā0 smṛtiḥ . eti
samṛddhimanenakaraṇe lyuṭ . 12 satraviśeṣe yathā gavāmayanam
tadvivaraṇaṃ gavāmayanaśabde . ayanenanirvṛttam ayanasyedaṃvā
aṇ . āyanam ayanasādhye ayanasambandhini ca tri0 .
“yutāyanāṃśoḍupakoṭiśiñjinī jināṃśamaurvyā guṇitā
vibhājitā . dyujīvayā labdhaphalasya kārmmukam bhaveccha-
śāṅkāyanadikkamāyanamiti” āyanaṃ valanamasphuṭeṣuṇā saṅguṇaṃ
dyugaṇabhājitaṃ hatam . pūrṇṇapūrṇṇadhṛtibhirgṛhāśritavyakṣa-
bhodayahṛdāyanāḥ kalāḥ “asphuṭeṣuvalanākṣatistu vā
paṣṭihṛt phalakalāḥ syurāyanāḥ” iti ca si0 śi0 . ayane
bhavaḥ ṭhañ . āyanikaḥ ayanabhave tri0 striyāṃ ṅīp .

Ayana(ṃ) = Skanda: III, †14639 (“the half year”).

Ayana — a sādhya.

M. 203. 11.

ayana (IE 7-1-2), ‘two’.