avidyā

Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

☞ p. 65, col. 2.

a-vidyā (dyā) 1. f. Ignorance.

Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

☞ p. 48.

ávidyā f. want of knowledge, ignorance.

Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (2nd ed.)

☞ p. 108, col. 3.

á-vidyā f. ignorance, spiritual ignorance, AV. xi, 8, 23; VS. xl, 12-14; ŚBr. xiv

☞ p. 108, col. 3.

(in Vedānta phil.) illusion (personified as Māyā); ignorance together with non-existence, Buddh.

Burnouf Dictionnaire Sanscrit-Français

☞ p. 57, col. 1.

avidyā avidyā f. (vid) ignorance.

Böhtlingk and Roth Grosses Petersburger Wörterbuch

☞ vol. 1, p. 500.

ávidyā (wie eben) f. das Nichtwissen, Unwissenheit AK. 1, 1, 4, 16. H. 1374. AV. 11, 8, 23. VS. 40, 12-14. ŚAT. BR. 14, 7, 1, 20. 2, 4 (= BṚH. ĀR. UP. 4, 3, 20. 4, 3). KAṬHOP. 2, 4. ŚVETĀŚV. UP. 5, 1. Vgl. u. abhiniveśa 3. Im Vedānta = māyā ŚKDR. Bei den Buddhisten: Unwissenheit und zugleich Nichtsein BURN. Intr. 473. 485. 488. 506. 507. 638. LIA. II, 461. COLEBR. Misc. Ess. I, 396. avidyāvarṇana Verz. d. B. H. No. 642.

☞ vol. 5, p. 1067.

avidyā als Śakti Verz. d. Oxf. H. 149,b,38. WEBER, RĀMAT. UP. 325. fg. 351.

Böhtlingk Sanskrit-Wörterbuch in kürzerer Fassung

☞ vol. 1, p. 129, col. 3.

ávidyā f.

— 1) Unwissenheit. Auch als Śakti.

— 2) buddh. Unwissenheit und zugleich Nichtsein.

Cappeller Sanskrit Wörterbuch

☞ p. 32, col. 2.

ávidyā f. Unwissenheit.

Vācaspatyam

☞ p. 458, col. 1.

avidyā strī na vidyā virodhe na0 ta0 . vidyāvirodhini 1 a-
jñāne 2 jñānābhāve ca . avidyā ca nyāyamate jñānābhāvaḥ .
sāṃkhyādimate jñānaprāgabhāvāparaparyyāyajñānānagatāvāsthā
sā ca pañcabhedā “avidyā pañcaparvvaiṣā prādurbhūtā mahātmanaḥ”
iti purā0 pañca parvvāṇi ca “avidyā'smitārāgadveṣābhi-
niveśā” iti pāta0 sūtroktāni . tatra “a-
nityāśuciduḥkhānātmasu nityaśucisukhātmakhyātiravidyā”
pāta0 sū0 . vyākhyātañca tadvṛttau yathā avidyā
“atasmin tadbuddhirityarthaḥ amarā devā ityanityeṣu
nityatvabhrāntyā devatvārthaṃ karma kṛtvā badhyante, evamaśucau
strīkāye śucitvabhrāntyā badhyante taduktaṃ bhagavatā vyāsena
“sthānādvījādupaṣṭambhānniṣyandānnighanādapi . kāyamādhe-
śaucatvāt paṇḍitāhyaśuciṃ viduriti” viṇmūtrasaṅkulaṃ mātu-
rudaraṃ sthānaṃ, śukraśīṇitaṃ vījam, annapariṇāmaśleṣmādi-
rupaṣṭambhaḥ sarvadvārairmalānāṃ sravaṇaṃ niṣyandaḥ . nidhanaṃ maraṇam .
tena hi śrotriyakāyopyatyantāśucirbhavati ādheyaśaucatvaṃ
snānānulepanādinā śucitvāpādanam . tathā pariṇāmaduḥkhe
bhoge sukhatvabhāntiḥ anātmani vuddhyādāvātmakhyātiḥ
avidyā tattvavidyāvirodhinītyarthaḥ . yadyapi śuktirūpādya-
vidyāḥ santi tathāpi pañcavidhaivāvidyā bandhamūlamitibhāvaḥ”
iyamavidyā'dṛṣṭatvena naiyāyikairaṅgīkṛtā “ityeṣā saha
kāriśaktirasamā māyā durunnītito mūlatvāt prakṛtiḥ
prabodhabhayato'vidyeti yasyoditā” kusu0 “yasyeśasya sahakāri
śaktiḥ kāraṇam eṣā sahakārirūpā māyā asamatvāt
sarvvakāryyāpekṣaṇīyatvāt durunneyatvasādṛśyāt māyā-
pade'dṛṣṭe lakṣaṇā . mūlatvāt prakṛtiḥ saiva, tattvajñānaprati-
badhyatvāt saivāvidyā uditā uktā” haridāsaḥ .
kṣaṇikavijñānavādinastu “abhinno'pi hi buddhyātmā vipa-
ryyāsanidarśanaiḥ . grāhyagrāhakasaṃvittirbhedavāniva lakṣyate”
ityuktadiśā kṣaṇikavijñānamevaikaṃ tattvaṃ bāhyaṃ vastu nāsti
tathāhi bāhyapadārthābhāve'pi mithyājñānarūpayā'vidyayā
sarvvaṃ vastu kalpitamityāhuḥ . tadetat sāṃkhye nirākṛtam .
yathā “nāvidyāto'pyavastunā bandhāyogāt” sū0 “avidyā-
to'pi na sākṣādbandhayogaḥ advaitavādināṃ “teṣāmavi-
dyāyā apyavāstatvena tayā bandhāyogāt na hi svāpnarajjvā
bandhanaṃ dṛṣṭam . naca “na nirodho na cotpatti rna bandho
na ca sādhakaḥ . na mumukṣu rna vai mukta ityeṣā parārthatā” iti
“bandhamaukṣau sukhaṃ duḥkhaṃ mohāpattiśca māyayā . svapne yathā-
tmanaḥkhyātiḥ saṃsṛtirna tu vāstavī” iticokteḥbandho'pyavāstava
iti vācyam vijñānādvaitaśravaṇottaraṃ bandhanivṛttaye yogā-
bhyāsavirodhāt bandhamithyātvaśravaṇena bandhanivṛttyāsiḍvatva
niścayāt tadarthabahvāyāsasādhyayogāṅgānuṣṭhānāsambhavāt” bhā0
“vastutve siḍvāntahāniḥ” sū0 “yadi cāvidyāyā vastutvaṃ
svīkriyate tadā svābhyupagatasyāvidyānṛtatvasya hāniḥ”
bhā0 . “vijātīyadvaitāpattiśca” sū0 . “kiñcāvidyāyā
vastutve kṣaṇikavijñānasantānādvijātīyam dvaitaṃ prasajyeta
tacca bhavatāmaniṣṭam . santānāntaḥpātivyaktīnāmānantyāt
sajātīyaṃ dvaitamiṣyataeva tairityāśayena vijātīyeti .
nanvavidyāyā api jñānaviśeṣatvādavidyayā kathaṃ vijātīya-
dvaitamiti cenna jñānarūpāvidyāyā bandhottarakālīnatayā
vāsanārūpāvidyāyā eva tairbandhahetutvābhyupagamāt . vāsanā
tu jñānādvijātīyetibhāvaḥ” bhā0 . “nāsadrūpā na sadrūpā
māyā naivobhayātmikā . sadasadbhyāmanirvācyā mithyābhūtā
sanātanī” tyuktimanusṛtyāśaṅkate “viruddhobhayarūpā cet” sū0
“viruddhaṃ yadubhayaṃ sadasacca tato vilakṣaṇaṇaṃ vā tadrūpaivāvidyā
vaktavyā ato na tayā pāramārthikādvaitabhaṅga iti cedityarthaḥ .
vyaktāvyaktatvarūpasadasattayoḥ svamatasiddhayorvirodhonāstīti
sūcanāya viruddhetipadam” bhā0 dūṣayati . “na tādṛk-
padārthāpratīteḥ” sū0 . viruddhadharmmavatpadārthasyāsiddhe-
rityarthaḥ . api cāvidyāyāḥ sākṣādeva duḥkhayogākhyabandha-
hetutve jñānena vidyākṣayānantaraṃ prārabdhabhogānupapattiḥ
bandhaparyyāyasya duḥkhabhogasya kāraṇanāśāt . asmadādimate
tu nāyaṃ doṣaḥ saṃyogadvāraivāvidyākarmmādīnāṃ bandhahetutvāt
janmākhyaḥ saṃyogaḥ prārabdhasamāptiṃ vinā na naśyati” bhā0 .
punaḥ śaṅkate . “na vayaṃ ṣaṭpadārthavādino vaiśeṣikādivat”
sū0 “vaiśeṣikādyāstikavanna vayaṃ ṣaṭṣoḍaśādiniyata
padārthavādinaḥ . ato'pratīto'pi sadasadātmakaḥ sadasadvi-
lakṣaṇo vā padārtho'vidyotyabhyupeyamiti bhāvaḥ” bhā0 . pari-
harati . “aniyatatve'pi nāyauktikasya saṃgraho'nyathā bā
lonmattādisamatvam” sū0 . “padārthaniyamomāstu tathāpi
bhāvābhāvavirodhena yuktiviruddhasya sadasadātmakapadārthasya saṃgraho
bhavadvacanamātrācchiṣyāṇāṃ na sambhavati . anyathā bālakā-
dyuktasyāpyayauktikasya saṃgrahaḥ syādityarthaḥ . śrutyādika
masminnarthe sphuṭaṃ nāsti yuktivirodhena ca sandigdhaśruterarthā-
ntarasiddhiriti bhāvaḥ” bhā0 . evaṃ kṣaṇikavijñānavādanira
sanena vedāntisamudbhāvitāvidyā'pi prakṛtireveti tatraiva
vyavasthāpitam . yathā “pāramparye'pyekatra pariniṣṭheti saṃjñā-
mātram” sū0 .. “avidyādidvāreṇa paramparayā puruṣasyajaganmū-
lakāraṇatve'pyekasminnavidyādau yatra kutracinnitye dvāre para-
mparāyāḥ paryavasānaṃ bhaviṣyati puruṣasyāpāriṇāmitvāt .
ato yatra paryavasānaṃ saiva nityā prakṛtiḥ . prakṛtiriha mūla-
kāraṇasya saṃjñāmātramityarpaḥ” bhā0 .. nanvevaṃ avidyā sthānīya
prakṛternityatvānupapattestasyā utpattiśruterjñānanāśyatvā-
ccetyāśayena mūlasamāghānamāha . “samānaḥ prakṛterdba-
yoḥ” sū0 .. “vastutastu prakṛtermūlakāraṇavicāredvayorvādipra-
tivādinorāvayoḥ samānaḥ pakṣaḥ . etaduktaṃ bhavati yathā prakṛ-
terutpattiḥ śrūyate evamavidyāyā api . “avidyā pañcapa-
rvaiṣā pradurbhūtā mahātmanaḥ” ityādivākyaiḥ . ata ekasyā
avaśyaṃ gauṇyutpattirvaktavyā . tatra ca prakṛtereva puruṣasaṃyo-
gādibhirabhivyaktirūpā gauṇyutpattiryuktā . “saṃyogalakṣaṇo-
tpattiḥ kathyate karmajñānayoriti” kaurmavākye prakṛtipuruṣa-
yorgauṇotpattismaraṇāt . avidyāyāśca kvāpi gauṇotpa-
ttyaśravaṇāt . tasyā anāditāvākyāni tu pravāharūpeṇaiva
vāsanādyanādivākyavadvyākhyeyānīti . avidyā ca mithyā-
jñānarūpā buddhidharma iti yoge sūtritamato na nityatva-
hāniḥ . atha vā dvayoḥ prakṛtipuruṣayoḥ samāna eva nyāya
ityarthaḥ . “yataḥ pradhānapuruṣau yataścaitaccarācaram . kāraṇaṃ
sakalasyāsya sa no viṣṇuḥ prasīdatu” ityādivākyaiḥ puruṣa-
syāpyutpattiśravaṇāditi bhāvaḥ . tathā ca puruṣasyeva prakṛte-
rapri gauṇyevītpattiḥ nityatvaśravaṇāttadapi samāna-
miti . tasmāt prakṛtirevopādānaṃ jagataḥ prakṛtigharmaścābidyā
jagannimittakāraṇaṃ tathā puruṣo'pīti siddham . yat tu .
“avidyāmāhuravyaktaṃ sargapralayadharmiṇam” sargapralayanirmuktaṃ
vidyāṃ vai pañcaviṃśakam” iti mokṣadharme prakṛtipuruṣayora-
vidyāvidyeti vacanaṃ tat tadubhayaviṣayatayopacaritameva . pari-
ṇāmitvena hi puruṣāpekṣayā prakṛtirasatīti tasyā avidyā-
viṣayatvamuktam . evameva tasmin prakaraṇe svasvakāraṇāpekṣayā
bhūtāntaṃ kāryajātamavidyetyuktaṃ svasvāpekṣayā ca svasvakāraṇaṃ-
vidyeti . puruṣasya pariṇāmarūpaṃ jagadupādānatvaṃ tu prakṛtyu-
pādhikameva kartṛtvādivacchrutismṛtyorupāsārthamevānūdyate .
anyathā “asthūlamanaṇvahrasvamityādi” śrutivirodhāpatteriti
mantavyam . māyāśabdena ca prakṛtirevocyate “māyāṃ tu pra-
kṛtiṃ bidyāditi” śrutau “tasmānmāyī sṛjate viśvametat”
“tasmiṃścātmā māyayā sanniruddhaḥ” iti pūrvaprakrāntamāyāyāḥ
prakṛtisvarūpatāvacanāt . “sattvaṃ rajastama iti prākṛtaṃ tu
guṇatrayam . etanmayī ca prakṛtirmāyā yā vaiṣṇavī śrutā” ..
“lohitaśvetakṛṣṇeti tasyāstādṛgvahuprajāḥ” ityādismṛti
bhyaśca . na tu jñānanāśyāvidyā māyāśabdārtho nityatānu-
papatteḥ . kiñcāvidyāyā dravyatve śabdamātrabhedo guṇatve ca
tadādhāratayā prakṛtisiddhiḥ puruṣasya nirgaṇatvādibhyaḥ .
atha dravyaguṇakarmavilakṣaṇaivāsmābhiravidyā vaktavyeti cenna
tādṛkpadārthāpratīteruktatvāditi” bhā0 . vedāntinastu
jñānavirodhi ajñānāparaparyyāyaṃ padārthāntaramavidyeti
svīcakruḥ tacca vistareṇa ajñānaśabde 93 pṛṣṭhe darśitam .
iyañcāvidyā mūlāvidyātūlāvidyābhedena dvividhā . tatra
hiraṇyagarbhopādhirmūlāvidyā tūlāvidyāśca pratijīvabhedaṃ
nānā māyāśabdenābhidhīyante . “māyopādhirayaṃ jīvaḥ
avidyopādhirīśvara” ityukteḥ “indromāyābhiḥ pururū-
paīyate” itiśruteśca tathātvam . māyānāñca mūlāvidyā-
kāryyatvāt avidyyaśabdavācyatā'pi . ataeva āvidyiko
jīva iti tattatsthāne bhāṣyakārādibhiruktam . svasvā-
ntaḥkaraṇarūpāvidyopādhau tattvajñāne samutpanne tadīyaivā'-
vidyā nivarttate nānyatra ityekamuktau na sarvamukti-
riti bandhamāṃkṣavyavasthā . adhikamākare dṛśyam . vaiśe-
ṣikāstu viparyyayasaṃśayajñānamavidyetyāhuḥ tatkāraṇapradarśana
pūrvvakamavidyā lakṣitā vai0 sū0 upaskare ca yathā “indri-
yadoṣāt saṃskaradoṣāccāvidyā” .. “avidyeti sāmāmya-
vācyapi padaṃ viparyyaye varttate prakaraṇāt saṃśayasvapnāna-
dhyavasāyānāmuktatvāt, tatrendriyadoṣovātapittādyabhibhava-
kṛtamapāṭavam, saṃskāradoṣoviśeṣādarśanasāhityaṃ tadadhīnaṃ
hi mithyākṣānaṃ jāyate” .. “tacca duṣṭajñānam” sū0 .. tadi-
'tyavyayapadaṃ sarvvanāmasamānārthakamavidyāṃ parāmṛśatiṃ
sā'vidyā, duṣṭajñānaṃ vyabhicāri jñānamatasmiṃstaditijñānaṃ
vyadhikaraṇaprakārāvacchinnaviśeṣyāvṛttiprakārakasiti yāvat,
doṣaśca jñānasyāniścayarūpatvamapi, tenaikakoṭisatyatve'pi
saṃśayoduṣṭa evānavadhāraṇātmakatvāt’ tadanena saṃśayo-
viparyyayasvapnānadhyavasāyānāñcatturṇāmapyupasaṃgrahaḥ” upa0 ..
“vidyāvidyādvaividhyāt saṃśayaḥ” gau0 sū0 . nāsti vidyā
śāstrādijñānaṃ yasya . 3 śāstrādijñānaśūnye tri0 “avidyo
vā savidyo vā brāhmaṇo māmakī tanuḥ” purā0 .
“vaidyo'vidyāya nākāmo dadyādaṃrśa svato dhanāt”
dā0 bhā0 smṛtiḥ . “avidyānāntu sarvveṣāmīhātaśceddhanaṃ
bhavet” manuḥ” .

Śabdakalpadruma

☞ vol. 1, p. 131.

avidyā , strī, (na vidyā . nañtatpuruṣaḥ .) a-
jñānaṃ . ityamaraḥ .. māyā . iti vedānte .. (aha-
ṅkārahetukamajñānaṃ, mithyājñānaṃ, vidyāvirodhinī,
ayathārthabuddhiḥ . yaduktam, —
“avidyāyā avidyātvamidameva tu lakṣaṇam .
yatpramāṇāsahiṣṇutvamanyathā vastu sā bhavet” ..
anyacca,
“seyaṃ bhrāntirnirālambā sarvvanyāyavirodhinī .
sahate na vicāraṃ sā tamo yadvaddivākaram” .
avyaktamahadahaṅkāra pañcatanmātreṣvanātmasvātmabuddhiḥ .
yathā, — “śarīre manuṣyo'hamityādi” . iyañca
sarvakleśamūlabhūtā tama ityucyate .
“avirodhitayā karmma nā'vidyāṃ vinivarttayet .
vidyāvidyāṃ nihantyeva tejastimirasaṃghavat” ..
iti ātmabodhaḥ .)

The Purāṇa Index

☞ vol. 1, p. 120.

Avidyā — of five degrees — Tāmisra, Andhatāmisra,

Tama, Moha, and Mahātama.

Bhā. III. 20. 18.

☞ vol. 1, p. 120.

Avidyā — Pañcaparva; precedes creation.

Vā. 6. 37.

Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

☞ p. 77, col. 2.

avidyā , ignorance, occurs in Mv ii.99.10 (text without

v.l.) in the place of abhidhyā in a list of the 10 karma-

patha; certainly in some sense secondary and perhaps

a mere textual corruption for abhidhyā, covetousness.

Tāntrikābhidhānakośa

☞ vol. 2, p. 298.