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    See also aba.


    Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary

    ☞ p. 75.
    ava r. 1st cl. (avati)

    1 To keep, protect or defend.

    2 To please. (The following meanings, although found in lists of roots, are rarely used:)

    3 To move.

    4 To excite affection or be lovely.

    5 To satisfy.

    6 To know or apprehend.

    7 To enter.

    8 To be near.

    9 To own, to have a right.

    10 To obey.

    11 To act.

    12 To desire.

    13 To shine or be splendid.

    14 To obtain.

    15 To embrace.

    16 To kill or hurt.

    17 To take.

    18 To be.

    19 To grow. In place of 9, 17, and 18 as above, some read;

    9 To be able.

    17 To burn, and

    18 To divide or share.

    ☞ p. 75.
    ava ind. A preposition and prefix to words, corresponding to off, from, down from, out, away, &c. and implying;

    1 Diminution.

    2 Depreciation.

    3 Diffusion.

    4 Support, resting.

    5 Commanding.

    6 Purifying, correcting.

    7 Knowledge.

    8 Disrespect.

    9 Nourishing. As avagantuṃ To go away; avajñātuṃ To disrespect; avatarituṃ To come down, to descend; avasthātuṃ To remain in or on; avaharttuṃ To take off or away; also avamaḥ a low man; avāk reverse, behind; avakokilaḥ a koïl with a bad voice, &c.

    Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

    ☞ p. 59, col. 1.
    ava prep. From, off, away.

    Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

    ☞ p. 55, col. 1.
    ava ava, a prefix. Away, off, down.

    I. Combined and compounded with

    verbs and their derivatives. II. Form-

    er part of compounded nouns. — Cf.

    in Lat. autem,

    aut. — This prefix is based on a pro-

    noun ava, which is preserved in the

    Zend language, and in the former part

    of the compounded pronoun

    Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1st ed.)

    ☞ p. 87, col. 2.
    1. ava, as, ā, am, Ved. desiring, loving.
    ☞ p. 87, col. 2.
    ava 2 . ava or sometimes va, ind. (as a pre-

    fix to verbs and nouns expresses) off, away, down;

    implying sometimes depreciation, disrepect, diminu-

    tion, &c.

    . (As a separable adverb or preposition with abl.)

    away, off, away from or down [cf. the Zend pron.

    ava, to which corresponds the Slav. ovo, ova, ‘this,

    that:’ cf. also the syllable αὐ in αὐ-τός, αὖ, αὖθι,

    αὖθις, αὖτις, αὖτε, αὐτάρ; Lat. au-t, au-tem, &c.].

    Lanman’s Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary

    ☞ p. 121, col. 2.
    áva, vbl prefix. down; off.

    Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

    ☞ p. 175, col. 2.
    ava ind. (the initial a is sometimes dropped, as in pūrvāparau toyanidhī vagāhya Ku. 1. 1)

    1 (As a preposition) Away, off, away from, down.

    2 (As a prefix to verbs) It expresses (a) determination; avadhṛ, avaso; (b) diffusion, pervasion; avakṝ, kīrṇa; (c) disrespect; avajñā, avaman; (d) littleness; vrīhīnavahaṃti; (e) support, resting upon; avalaṃb; (f) purification, avadāta; (g) depreciation, discomfiture; avahaṃti śatrūn (parābhavati); (h) commanding; avakḷp; (i) depression, bending down; avatṝ, avagāh; (j) knowledge; avagam, avai.

    3 As the first member of Tat. compounds it means avakruṣṭa; avakokilaḥ = avakruṣṭaḥ kokilayā Sk.

    Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

    ☞ p. 44.
    1 áva adv. down, off; mostly as pref. in nouns and verbs, rarely as prep. w. abl.
    ☞ p. 44.
    2 áva m. favour, protection.

    Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary

    ☞ p. 29, col. 2.
    ava áva, verbal and nominal prefix off;
    down; prp. w. ab. down from.
    ☞ p. 29, col. 2.
    ava áv-a, m. favour, grace.

    Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (2nd ed.)

    ☞ p. 96, col. 1.
    1. áva m. favour, RV. i, 128, 5
    ☞ p. 96, col. 1.
    (cf. niravát.)
    ☞ p. 96, col. 1.
    2. áva ind. (as a prefix to verbs and verbal nouns expresses) off, away, down, RV. &c.
    ☞ p. 96, col. 1.
    (exceptionally as a preposition with abl.) down from, AV. vii, 55, 1
    ☞ p. 96, col. 1.
    (for another use of this preposition See ava-kokila.)
    ☞ p. 96, col. 1.
    3. ava (only gen. du. avór with vām, ‘of you both’, corresponding to sá tvám, ‘thou’, &c.), this, RV. vi, 67, 11; vii, 67, 4 and (vā for vām), x, 132, 5
    ☞ p. 96, col. 1.
    ava [Zd. pron. ava; Slav. ovo; cf. also the syllable, αὐ in αὐ-τός, αὖ, αὖθι, &c.; Lat. au-t, au-tem, &c.]

    Śabdasāgara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

    ☞ p. 62, col. 1.
    ava

    r. 1st. cl. avati

    1. To keep, protect or defend.

    2. To please. (The
    following meanings, although found in lists of roots, are rarely
    used:)

    3. To move.

    4. To excite affection or be lovely.

    5. To
    satisfy.

    6. To know or apprehend.

    7. To enter.

    8. To be near.

    9. To
    own, to have a right.

    10. To obey.

    11. To act.

    12. To desire.

    13.
    To shine or be splendid.

    14. To obtain.

    15. To embrace.

    16. To
    kill or hurt.

    17. To take.

    18. To be.

    19. To grow. In place of 9,
    17, and

    18. as above, some read;

    9. To be able.

    17. To burn, and
    18. To divide or share.

    ☞ p. 62, col. 2.
    ava ind. A preposition and prefix to words, corresponding to off, from,
    down from, out, away, &c. and implying;

    1. Diminution.

    2. Depre-
    ciation.

    3. Diffusion.

    4. Support, resting.

    5. Commanding.

    6.
    Purifying, correcting.

    7. Knowledge.

    8. Disrespect.

    9. Nourishing.
    As avagantu To go away; avajñātuṃ To disrespect; avatarituṃ To come
    down, to descend; avasthātuṃ To remain in or on; avaharttuṃ To take
    off or away; also avamaḥ a low man; avāk reverse, behind; avakokilaḥ
    a koil with a bad voice, &c.

    Apte Enlarged Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

    ☞ vol. 1, p. 237.
    ava ind. (the initial a is sometimes dropped, as in pūrvāparau toyanidhī vagāhya Ku.1.1) 1 (As a preposition) Away, off, away from, down; kṛtvā mukhānyavaśucaḥ śvasanena śuṣyat Bhāg.10.29.29. -2 (As a prefix to verbs) It expresses (a) determination; avadhṛ, avaso; (b) diffusion, pervasion; avakṝ-kīrṇa; (c) disrespect; avajñā, avaman; (d) littleness; vrīhīnavahanti; (e) support, resting upon; avalamb; (f.) purification, avadāta; (g) depreciation, discomfiture; avahanti śatrūn (parābhavati); (h) commanding; avaklṛp; (i) depression, bending down; avatṛ, avagāh (j) knowledge; avagam, avai. -3 As the first member of Tat. compounds it means abakruṣṭa; avakokilaḥ = avakruṣṭaḥ kokilayā Sk.

    Burnouf Dictionnaire Sanscrit-Français

    ☞ p. 51, col. 2.
    ava ava pfx. (sfx. va) de, mouvement pour éloigner ou pour abaisser.

    Stchoupak Dictionnaire Sanscrit-Français

    ☞ p. 84, col. 2.
    ava préf. marquant descente vers, écartement , notion péjorative.

    Böhtlingk and Roth Grosses Petersburger Wörterbuch

    ☞ vol. 1, p. 467.
    1. áva Nipāta, Upasarga ( NIR. 1, 3) und Gatigaṇa cādi und prādi (vgl. P. 1, 4, 57-60). VOP. 1, 8. Das anlautende a kann abfallen VOP. 3, 171.

    1) weg, ab —;

    2) herab. In beiden Bedeutungen sehr häufig mit Verbalwurzeln und auch im comp. mit einem nom. Nach P. 2, 2, 18, Vārtt. 6 soll ava in der Bed. von avakruṣṭa sich mit einem instr. zu einem comp. verbinden: avakokilaḥ = avakruṣṭaḥ kokilayā Sch. Isolirt erscheint ava als adv. in der Bedeutung weg ṚV. 1, 180, 3 : yùvaṃ payâ ùsriyā̂yāmadhattaṃ pàkvamā̀māyā̀mavà pūrvyàṃ goḥ, als praep. mit dem abl. in der Bed. von - weg 1, 56, 1. : èṣa pra pū̀rvīràva tasyâ càmriṣo 'tyò na yoṣā̀mudâyaṃsta bhùrvaṇîḥ, in der Bed. herab AV. 7, 55, 1 : ye tè panthā̂nò avâ dìvaḥ . DURGAD. im ŚKDR. kennt folgende Bedd.:

    1) niścaya,

    2) asākalya,

    3) anādara; ŚABDAR. ebend.:

    1) ālambana,

    2) vijñāna,

    3) vyāpana,

    4) śuddhi,

    5) alpa,

    6) paribhava,

    7) niyoga,

    8) pālana . Ueber die Berührung mit apa s. oben. Von ava abgeleitet: avaca, avaṭa, avata, avataram, avama, avara, avas .

    ☞ vol. 1, p. 467.
    2. áva (von av) adj. verlangend, liebend: kratvā̀ yadâsyà tavîṣīṣu pṛ̀ñcatè 'gneravêṇa ( ṚV. PRĀT. 5, 28) màrutā̀ṃ na bhòjyā̂ ṚV. 1, 128, 5.
    ☞ vol. 5, p. 1056.
    1. ava adv. herab, hinunter: kṛtvā mukhānyava (= avāñci Schol.) BHĀG. P. 10, 29, 29.
    ☞ vol. 5, p. 1056.
    2. ava vgl. nirava .
    ☞ vol. 5, p. 1056.
    3. ava pron. demonstr. (vgl. ava im Zend) nur in der Form avós gen. du. und in der Verbindung àvorvā̂m = yuvoḥ ṚV. 6, 67, 11. 7, 67, 4. so vielleicht auch 10, 132, 5.
    ☞ vol. 7, p. 1705.
    ava

    1)

    a) sg. in collectiver Bed. BHĀG. P. 10, 58, 51.

    Grassmann Wörterbuch zum Rig Veda

    ☞ p. 124.
    1. áva, m., Huld [von av].

    -ena {128,5} agnés.

    ☞ p. 124.
    2. áva, ab, herab, als Richtungswort verbunden mit den Verben: aj, 2. as, i, inv, īks, karś, kāś, krand, kram, kṣip, kṣṇu, khād, khyā, gam, 1. gā, 2. gir, glā, cakṣ, car, 1. ci, tan, tar, tsar, dar, dah, 1. dā, diś, duh, 1. dhā, dhāv, 1. dhī, dhū, dhvas, nakṣ, nah, nī, 2. nu, 1. pat, pad, bādh, brū, bhā, bhid, bhṛ, mih, yaj, yas, yā, ramb, 1. rudh, ruh, 1. vā, vī, vyadh, vyā, vraśc, śā, śrath, śvit, sad, 2. sā, si, sṛj, sthā, spaś, spṛ, smi, sras, sru, svan, svar, han, 2. hā, hū. Der selbständige Gebrauch (als Adverb oder Präposition) ist sehr fraglich; in der Stelle {180,3} scheint es zu adhattam [s. dhā], in 580,2: áva divás invatam zu inv, in {388,8} (nebst sam) zu dem aus dem vorigen Verse zu ergänzenden ajati zu gehören; unklar ist die Bedeutung an den wahrscheinlich verderbten. Stellen {56,1}, wo vielleicht avatásya (statt áva tásya) zu lesen ist, und {534,2}.
    ☞ p. 124.
    avá, pron. (Zend ava), dieser. Nur im Gen. du. avós verbunden mit vām, {508,11}; {583,4} und wol auch {958,5}, wo avós vām statt avós vā zu lesen sein wird. Der Sinn ist wie in den Verbindungen sá tuám „du, der du ein solcher bist, dich so zeigst” und ähnlichen.

    Böhtlingk Sanskrit-Wörterbuch in kürzerer Fassung

    ☞ vol. 1, p. 120, col. 1.
    1. áva in Verbindung mit Verben und in Comp. mit Nominibus ab , herab. Mit Abl. von — herab AV.
    ☞ vol. 1, p. 120, col. 1.
    2. áva m. Gunst , Huld.

    Cappeller Sanskrit Wörterbuch

    ☞ p. 30, col. 2.
    1. áva ab, herab (oft °— bei Verb. u. Subst.). Praep.mit Abl. von herab (selten).
    ☞ p. 30, col. 2.
    2. áva m. Gunst, Huld.

    Bopp Glossarium Sanscritum

    ☞ p. 20, col. 2.
    ava Praep. praef. (ut mihi videtur a stirpe pronominali a

    s. va, sicut eva, iva ab e, i; v. gr. comp. 380.) de, ab.

    (In lingua zendica est pronomen demonstrati-

    vum cui respondet slav. Th. hic, ille, fem.

    neut. Huc etiam trahimus gr. in composito

    et posteriorem partem vocum

    porro

    et particulam negativam lat. au-t et au-tem, quod

    posterius suffixo convenit cum katham et ittham; no-

    strum au-ch, goth. au-k; v. gr. comp. 377. sq.).

    Vācaspatyam

    ☞ p. 415, col. 2.
    ava rakṣaṇe, gatau, spṛhāyāṃ, tṛptau, śobhāyāṃ, śrabaṇe, vyāptau
    āliṅgane, prārthane, praveśe, sattāyāṃ, vṛddhau, grahaṇe, badhe,
    sāmarthye, avagame, karaṇe, icchotpādane ca yathāyathaṃ saka0
    aka0 ca bhvādi0 seṭ para0 . avati āvīt .
    āva . aghyāt . avitā . avitaḥ avan . aviṣaḥ . “avatu
    vogirisutā śaśibhṛtaḥ priyatamā” udbha0 . “ari-
    samudayādavataḥ” nalodayaḥ . “praviṣṭīminamāviṣuḥ” . ya0
    23, 29, tatra tarpaṇe “na māmavati sadvīpā ratnasūrapi
    medinī” raghuḥ . rakṣaṇe “yadāvitha sakhīyato yadāvitha”
    ṛ0 1, 131, 5, “āvitha rakṣasi anyatra tarpayasi” bhā0
    gatau ca āno “barhiḥ sadatāvitā” 7, 59, 6, “avitā
    āgacchat” bhā0 . bhakṣaṇeca “prothadaśvo na yavase'viṣyanyadā” .
    7, 3, 2, “aviṣyan bhakṣayiṣyan” “bhā0 tṛṣvaviṣyannataseṣu
    tiṣṭhati” 1, 48, 2, “aviṣyan bhakṣayiṣyan” bhā0 evamanyā-
    rtheṣūdāhāryyam .
    ☞ p. 416, col. 1.
    ava avya0 ava—ac . 1 niścaye, 2 vyāptau, 3 anādare, 4 asākalye
    5 ālambane, 6 śuddhau, 7 paribhave, 8 niyoge, 9 nimnatāyāṃ ca .
    ayaṃ cādiḥ prādiśca “ava jñānāvajñālambaśuddhīṣadarthavyāpti
    parābhavātiyogeṣu” gaṇa0 ra0 jñāne avagato'rthaḥ . avajñāyā-
    mavajānāti . ālambane ālambya yaṣṭiṃ gacchati śuddhau
    avadātam . īṣadarthe avahanti alpaṃ hanti, vyāptau ava-
    kīrṇṇaḥ . paribhave avaghnanti . atiyoge avaghāta ityudā-
    hṛtañca . anādare “avajānāsi māṃ yasmāt” raghuḥ ava-
    mānaḥ . vyāptau avakāśaḥ asatyāṃ vyāptau na sarvvataḥ praveśaḥ
    iti tasya vyāptyārthakatā . avagāhate . niścaye avasyati
    avasāyaḥ avadhārayati . nimnatāyām avanamati avatarati
    avakṣipati avācīnaḥ ityādiḥ . asākalya
    mīṣadarthaḥ . brīhīnavahanti avaghātaśca vituṣīkaraṇārtha
    ekadeśamātre ghātaḥ na tu sarvvāvayave iti asākalyadyota-
    katā parābhave śatrūn avahanti purābhavatītyarthaḥ niyīge
    avaklaptiḥ “evecāniyoge” vā0 aniyogo'navaklaptiḥ
    si0 kau avakalpate . asya vāto lopaḥ vagāhaḥ . “avā-
    dayaḥ kruṣṭādyarthe tṛtīyayā” vā0 ukteḥ krośārthe'pi ava-
    kruṣṭaṃ kokilayā avakokilaḥ .

    Śabdakalpadruma

    ☞ vol. 1, p. 121.
    ava rakṣaṇe . (yathāyathaṃ sakaṃ-akaṃ-ca, bhvādiṃ-
    paraṃ-seṭ .) gatau . kāntau . spṛhāyāmiti
    yāvat . prītau . tṛptau . dyutau . śobhāyāmiti
    yāvat . śrutau . ākarṇane iti yāvat . prāptau .
    śleṣe . āliṅgane iti yāvat . arthane . yācñā-
    yāmiti yāvat . veśe . praveśe iti yāvat .
    bhāve . sattāyāmiti yāvat . vṛddhau . grahe .
    ādāne iti yāvat . badhe . sāmarthye . avagame .
    kṛtau . karaṇe iti yāvat . kāme . icchotpādane
    iti yāvat . (iti vopadevīyakavikalpadrumaḥ
    taṭṭīkā ca ..) “ava rakṣe gatau kāntau prītau tṛptau
    dyutau stutau . prāptau śleṣe'rthane veśe bhāge vṛddhau
    gṛhe badhe . sāmarthye'vagame kāme dhṛtau” . ūna-
    viṃśatirarthāḥ . kāntiricchā . dyutiḥ śobhā .
    kāma iti ñyantādvyutpattericchotpādānā iti
    bhedaḥ . śleṣa āliṅganaṃ . sāmarthyaṃ śaktiḥ . rakṣaṇe
    prasiddho'yaṃ . prītau tu . “na māmavati sadvīpā
    ratnasūrapi medinī” . iti raghuḥ .. anyatra virala-
    prayogaḥ . kecittu stuti-bhāga-gṛha-kāma-dhṛtīrna
    paṭhitvā kriyā-śravaṇa-dahana-bhāvānāhuḥ . avati .
    iti durgādāsaḥ ..
    ☞ vol. 1, p. 121.
    ava , vya, (ava + ac .) upasargaviśeṣaḥ . asyārthaḥ .
    niścayaḥ . asākalyaṃ . anādaraḥ . iti durgādāsaḥ ..
    ālambanaṃ . vijñāpanaṃ . vyāpanaṃ . śuddhiḥ . alpaṃ .
    paribhavaḥ . niyogaḥ . pālanaṃ . iti śabdaratnā-
    valī ..

    Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

    ☞ p. 69, col. 1.
    ava , as neg. prefix with nouns (so also in Pali): see

    ava-kāma-sevā.

    Kṛdantarūpamālā

    ☞ p. 44.
    (47) “ava rakṣaṇa gati kānti prīti tṛpti avagama praveśa śravaṇa”

    svāmyartha yācana kriyecchā dīpti avāpti āliṅgana hiṃsā''dāna

    bhāga vṛddhiṣu” (I-bhvādiḥ-600 saka. se-para.)

    ‘av = rakṣaṇe gatau kāntau prītau tṛptau dyutau śrutau . prāptau śleṣe'rthane

    veśe bhāge vṛddhau grahe vadhe .. svāmyarthe'vagame kāme kṛtau—’ iti

    bopadevaḥ .

    āvakaḥ-vikā, āvakaḥ-vikā, aviviṣakaḥ-ṣikā;

    avitā-trī, āvayitā-trī, aviviṣitā-trī;

    avan A -ntī, āvayan-ntī, aviviṣan-ntī;

    aviṣyan-ntī-tī, āvayiṣyan-ntī-tī, aviviṣiṣyan-ntī-tī;

    — āvayamānaḥ, āvayiṣyamāṇaḥ; 1 ūḥ-janauḥ, 1A janāvau-janāvaḥ; --

    avitaḥ-tam-tavān, āvitam, aviviṣitam-taḥ-tavān;

    avaḥ, āvaḥ, aviviṣuḥ, āvivayiṣuḥ;

    avitavyam, āvayitavyam, aviviṣitavyam;

    avanīyam, āvanīyam, aviviṣaṇīyam;

    āvyam, āvyam, aviviṣyam;

    īṣadavaḥ, duravaḥ, svavaḥ; — --

    avyamānaḥ, āvyamānaḥ, aviviṣyamāṇaḥ;

    āvaḥ, āvaḥ, aviviṣaḥ; 2 ūtiḥ, āvanā, aviviṣā, āvivayiṣā;

    avitum, āvayitum, aviviṣitum;

    avanam, āvanam, aviviṣaṇam;

    avitvā, āvayitvā, aviviṣitvā;

    samavya, samāvya, samaviviṣya;

    āvam 2, avitvā 2, āvam 2, āvayitvā 2, aviviṣam 2; aviviṣitvā 2; 3 om, avanī- 4 avaniḥ, otuḥ 5 (biḍālaḥ).

    [Footnote]A. tava viditaviṣādo dṛṣṭakṛtsnā''miṣādaḥ śriyamaniśamavantaṃ parvataṃ mālyavantam ..

    bha. kā. 10-17.

    [Footnote]1. ‘jvaratvara—’ (6-4-20) ityupadhāvakārayorūṭh .

    [Footnote]1A. ‘etyedhatyūṭhsu’ (6-1-89) iti vṛddhiḥ .

    [Footnote]2. ‘ūtiyūti—’ (3-3-97) iti ktini udāttānto nipātitaḥ .

    [Footnote]3. auṇādike manpratyaye pratyayasya ṭilope iḍabhāve ūṭhi guṇe ca rūpam .

    [Footnote]4. auṇādike'nipratyaye ‘kṛdikārāt—’ (4-1-45. ga. sū.) iti ḍīṣi rūpadvayam .

    [Footnote]5. auṇādikaḥ tun pratyayaḥ, ūṭ guṇaḥ .