atithigva

atithigva Tatpur. m. (-gvaḥ) A proper name or a vaidik epithet

of Divodāsa. (Properly meaning: ‘worthy to be approached

by guests, hospitable’. E. atithi and gva (from gam, uṇ. aff. ḍva).

atithigva atithigva, m. A name of

Divodāsa, Chr. 297, 14 = Rigv. i. 112, 14.

atithi—gvá m. ‘to whom guests should go’, N. of Divodāsa and of another mythical hero, RV.

atithigvá N. pr.

1) ein Zuname Divodāsa's, welchem die Götter den Śambara zu überwinden helfen: yābhîrmàhāmâtithìgvaṃ kâśòjuvàṃ divôdāsaṃ śambaràhatyà āvâtam ṚV. 1, 112, 14. 51, 6. 130, 7. divôdāsādatithìgvasyà rādhâḥ śāmbàraṃ vasù pratyâgrabhīṣma 6, 47, 22. : vgl. śambara .

— 2) mit Atithigva besiegt Indra den Karañja und Parṇaya: tvaṃ karâñjamùta pàrṇâyaṃ vadhī̀stejîṣṭhayātithìgvasyâ vartànī ṚV. 1, 53, 8. àhaṃ gùṅgubhyô atithìgvamiṣkâràmiṣàṃ na vṛ̂tràturâṃ vìkṣu dhā̂rayam . yatpârṇayàghna ùta vā̂ karañjàhe prāhaṃ màhe vṛ̂tràhatyè aśûśruvi 10, 48, 8.

— 3) Atithigva nebst Kutsa und Āyu wird durch Tūrvayāṇa mit Indra's Hilfe besiegt: tvamā̂vitha sùśravâsàṃ tavòtibhìstavà trāmâbhirindrà tūrvâyāṇam . tvâmasmaì kutsâmatithìgvamā̀yuṃ màhe rājñè yūnê arandhayaḥ .. ṚV. 1, 53, 10. pra tattê àdyā karâṇaṃ kṛ̀taṃ bhū̀tkutsàṃ yadā̀yumâtithìgvamâsmai . pùrū sàhasrā̀ ni śîśā àbhi kṣāmuttūrvâyāṇaṃ dhṛṣàtā nînetha .. 6, 18, 13.

atithi-gvá [s. gva], m., 1) Zuname des dívodāsa; 2) Eigenname eines von Indra zu Gunsten des tū́rvayāṇa bekämpften mit kútsa und āyú verbündeten Mannes; 3) Eigenname eines mit Indra verbündeten Helden, der aber mit dem Vorhergehenden dieselbe Person zu sein scheint.

-ám 1) {112,14}; {322,3}. 2) {53,10}; {459,13}; {1022,2}. 3) {874,8}.

-ā́ya 1) {51,6}; {130,7}. 3) {467,3}; {535,8}.

-ásya 1) {488,22}. 2) {205,7}. 3) {53,8}.

atithigvá m. N.pr. verschiedener Männer.

Atithi-gva. — This name occurs frequently in the Rigveda,

apparently applying, in nearly all cases, to the same king,

otherwise called Divodāsa. The identity of the two persons

has been denied by Bergaigne,¹ but is certainly proved by a

number of passages, when the two names occur together,² in

connection with the defeat of Śambara. In other passages³

Atithigva is said to have assisted Indra in slaying Parṇaya and

Karañja. Sometimes he is only vaguely referred to, while once⁵ he

is mentioned as an enemy of Turvaśa and Yadu. Again⁶ Atithigva

is coupled with Āyu and Kutsa as defeated by Tūrvayāṇa.

A different Atithigva appears to be referred to in a Dānastuti⁷

(‘Praise of Gifts’), where his son, Indrota, is mentioned.

Roth⁸ distinguishes three Atithigvas — the Atithigva Divodāsa,

the enemy of Parṇaya and Karañja, and the enemy of Tūrvayāṇa.

But the various passages can be reconciled, especially if it is

admitted that Atithigva Divodāsa was already an ancient hero

in the earliest hymns, and was becoming almost mythical.

⁴ [Footnote] 1) Religion Védique, 2, 342 et seq. [Footnote] 2) Rv. i. 51, 6; 112, 14; 130, 7;

iv. 26, 3; vi. 47, 22. [Footnote] 3) Rv. i. 53, 8; x. 48, 8. [Footnote] 5) Rv. vii. 19, 8. There is no ground

for assuming the reference here to be

to a later Atithigva. [Footnote] 6) Rv. i. 53, 10; ii. 14, 7; vi. 18, 13;

viii. 53, 2. [Footnote] 7) Rv. viii. 68, 16. 17. [Footnote] 8) St. Petersburg Dictionary, s.v.

Cf. Ludwig, Translation of the

Rigveda, 3, 123; Bloomfield, American

Journal of Philology, 17, 426, who renders

the name ‘presenting cows to guests.’ [Footnote] 4) Rv. vi. 26, 3.

ATITHIGVA . He was a King referred to in the Ṛg-

veda. He had another name, “Divodāsa”. This King

had fought several battles against Asuras with the help

of Indra. It is said that once, being afraid of the Asuras,

he tried to hide himself under the water. (Ṛgveda,

Maṇḍala 1, Anuvāka 10, Sūkta 53; Ṛgveda, Maṇḍala

1, Anuvāka 16, Sūkta 112).