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    ard

    See also ardd.

    Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

    ☞ p. 51, col. 2.
    ard ARD, i. 1, Par. 1. † To go. 2.

    To beg, Ragh. 5, 17. i. 1 and 10, Par.

    and Ātm. 1. To kill, Rām. 1, 16, 30.

    2. To hurt; to wound, Pañc. 221, 13.

    3. To afflict; to vex, Rām. 3, 14, 11;

    53, 27. — With the prep. ati ati. To

    press violently, Bhaṭṭ. 15, 115. — With

    abhi abhi. To press; to afflict, Rām.

    2, 21, 55; cf. abhyarṇṇa. — With prati

    prati. To press in return, Rām. 6, 92,

    52. — With vi vi. To press. a-vyarṇ-

    ṇa. Not pressed, Bhaṭṭ. 9, 19. — With

    sam sam. To wound, MBh. 3, 761. —

    Cf. perhaps in

    Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1st ed.)

    ☞ p. 84, col. 1.
    ard ard cl. 1. P. ardati, ānarda, ārdi-

    ṣyati, ārdīt, arditum, Ved. 3. pl. impv.

    ṛantu and cl. 7. P. ṛṇatti, to move; to be moved;

    to be scattered as dust; to dissolve; to go; to ask,

    beg; to torment, hurt, kill: Caus. ardayati, -yi-

    tum, to make agitated or restless; to stir up, shake

    vehemently; to distort; to torment, distress; to strike,

    hurt, kill: Desid. ardidiṣati [cf. Lat. ardeo].

    Apte Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

    ☞ p. 168, col. 2.
    ard 1 P. [ardati, ānarda, ārdīt, ardituṃ, ardita or arṇa]

    1 To afflict, torment; strike, hurt, kill; rakṣaḥsahasrāṇi caturdaśārdīt Bk. 12. 56, see caus. below.

    2 To beg, request, ask; nirgalitāṃbugarbhaṃ śaradghanaṃ nārdati cātakopi R. 5. 17.

    3 To go.

    4 To move, be agitated or moved; be scattered (as dust); fly in pieces, dissolve (Ved.). (The past participle is usually ardita, but arṇa when the root is preceded by abhi, ni, vi, saṃ; cf. P. VII. 2. 24-5).

    — Caus. (or 10 P.)

    1 (a) To afflict, torment, distress; tata enaṃ mahāvegairardayāmāsa tomaraiḥ Mb.; kāmārdita, kopa°, bhaya° &c. (b) To strike, hurt, injure, kill; yenārdidat daityapuraṃ pinākī Bk. 2. 46; 9. 19; 15. 90.

    2 To stir up, rouse, agitate, shake vehemently, make agitated or restless.

    3 To distort; ardayitvānilo vaktramarditaṃ janayatyataḥ Suśruta. WITH ati to torment excessively, fall upon or attack; atyārdīt vālinaḥ putraṃ Bk. 15. 115.

    — abhi to distress, afflict, pain, oppress; abhyardito vṛṣalaḥ (śītena pīḍitaḥ) P. VII. 2. 25 Sk.

    — ni Ved. to stream forth, flow out.

    — pra to overwork, to work or exert oneself beyond measure; to cause to flow away.

    — prati to oppress or press hard in (pb) return, assail in return, return an attack.

    — vi Ved. to go or move away; to oppress, harass, pain. (

    — caus.) to cause to be scattered or dissolved, destroy, annihilate.

    — saṃ caus. to pain greatly, wound, distress.

    Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary

    ☞ p. 28, col. 1.
    ard ARD, v. ṛd ṚD.

    Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (2nd ed.)

    ☞ p. 91, col. 3.
    ard Ved. cl. 6. P. (Imper. 3. pl. ṛdantu; impf. 3. pl. ā́rdan) to move, be moved, be scattered (as dust), RV. iv, 17, 2 and vii, 104, 24. cl. 1. P. ardati (árdati, ‘to go, move’, Naigh.) to dissolve, AV. xii, 4, 3, (aor. ārdīt, Bhaṭṭ., perf. anarda, Pāṇ. vii, 4, 71, Sch.) to torment, hurt, kill, L.; to ask, beg for (acc.), Ragh. v, 17. cl. 7. ṛṇatti, to kill, Naigh. : Caus. ardayati (Subj. ardayāsi, Imper. 2. sg. ardaya, impf. ā́dayat, 2. sg. ardáyas; aor. ārdidat, or [after mā] ardayit, Pāṇ. iii, 1, 51) to make agitated, stir up, shake vehemently, AV. iv, 15, 6 & 11; vi, 49, 2, to do harm, torment, distress, MBh. &c. (generally used in perf. Pass. p. ardita, q.v.), to strike, hurt, kill, destroy, RV.; AV. &c. Desid. ardidiṣati;
    ☞ p. 91, col. 3.
    ard [Lat. ardeo.]

    Apte Enlarged Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary

    ☞ vol. 1, p. 227.
    ard 1 P. [ardati, ānārda, ārdīt, arditum, ardita or arṇa] 1 To afflict, torment; strike, hurt, kill; rakṣaḥsahasrāṇi caturdaśārdīt Bk.12.56, see caus. below. -2 to beg, request, ask; nirgalitāmbugarbhaṃ śaradghanaṃ nārdati cātako'pi R.5.17. -3 To go, to move, be agitated or moved; be scattered (as dust); ārdan dhanvāni sarayanta āpaḥ Rv.4. 17.2; fly in pieces, dissolve; śloṇayā kāṭamardati Av.12.4.3. (The past participle is usually ardita, but arṇa when the root is preceded by abhi, ni, vi, sam; cf. ardeḥ saṃnivibhyaḥ abheścāvidūrye P.VII.2.24-5). -Caus. or 10 P. 1 (a) To afflict, torment, distress; tata enaṃ mahāvegairardayāmāsa tomaraiḥ Mb.; kāmārdita, kopa˚, bhaya˚ &c. (b) To strike, hurt, injure, kill; yenārdidat daityapuraṃ pinākī Bk.2.42;9.19; 15.90. -2 To stir up, rouse, agitate, shake vehemently, make agitated or restless; abhi kranda stanayārdayodadhim Av.4.15.6. -3 To distort; ardayitvānilo vaktramarditaṃ janayatyataḥ Suśruta. With -ati to torment excessively, fall upon or attack; atyārdīt vālinaḥ putram (v. l. abhyārdīt) Bk.15.115. -abhi to distress, afflict, pain, oppress; abhyardito vṛṣalaḥ (śītena pīḍitaḥ) P.VII.2.25 Sk. -ni Ved. to stream forth, flow out. -pra to overwork, to work or exert oneself beyond measure; to cause to flow away. -prati to oppress or press hard in return, assail in raturn, return an attack. -vi Ved. to go or move away; to oppress, harass, pain. -caus. to cause to be scattered or dissolved, destroy, annihilate. -sam caus. to pain greatly, wound, distress.

    Burnouf Dictionnaire Sanscrit-Français

    ☞ p. 49, col. 1.
    *ard ard. ardāmi 1; p. ānarda; pp. ardita; a 1. ārdiṣam. Aller, se mouvoir.

    Demander qqc. à qqn., 2 ac.

    Aller à, attaquer, offenser; blesser, vexer.

    — Pp. ārtta: kṣudhārtta tourmenté par la faim.

    ardāmi et arde frapper, tuer.

    ardayāmi 10; pqp. ārdidam: vexer, frapper; a1. Vd. ardayiṣam.

    Stchoupak Dictionnaire Sanscrit-Français

    ☞ p. 81, col. 2.
    ARD- ardati; ardayati; ardita- — inquiéter , tourmenter; mettre à mal; caus. id.; a. v. tourmenté, blessé ou tué.

    Böhtlingk and Roth Grosses Petersburger Wörterbuch

    ☞ vol. 1, p. 439.
    ard , árdati DHĀTUP. 3, 18. ṛdantu ved. ṛṇātti NAIGH. 2, 19. ānarda P. 7, 4, 71, Sch. VOP. 8, 53.

    1) in Bewegung (der Theile) gerathen, zerstieben, sich auflösen: ṛ̀ghā̀yantâ sùbhva1^\ḥ parvâtāsà ārdàndhanvā̂ni sàrayântà āpâḥ ṚV. 4, 17, 2. vigrī̂vāsò mūrâdevā ṛdantu 7, 104, 24. kū̀ṭayā̂syà saṃ śī̂ryante ślòṇayā̂ kā̀ṭamârdati AV. 12, 4, 3. gehen, sich bewegen NAIGH. 2, 14. DHĀTUP. ardita (caus. Form) gegangen ŚABDAR. im ŚKDR.

    — 2) um Etwas (acc.) bitten DHĀTUP. nirgalitāmbugarbhaṃ śaradghanaṃ nārdati cātako 'pi RAGH. 5, 17. ardita (caus. Form) erbeten AK. 3, 2, 47. H. an. 3, 238. MED. t. 79. Vgl. ardanā .

    — 3) quälen KĀŚ. VOP. 8, 52. verwunden, tödten DHĀTUP. 34, 22. rakṣaḥsahasrāṇi - ārdīt BHAṬṬ. 12, 56. Vgl. das caus. — caus. ardáyati, ārdidat oder ārdayīt VOP. 8, 86. 18, 1. die letztere Form ved. P. 3, 1, 51. kāmamardayīt Sch.

    1) in Unstätigkeit, in Unruhe versetzen, aufregen, erschüttern: àbhi krânda stànayā̀rdayôdàdhim AV. 4, 15, 6. 11. śī̀rṣṇā śiro 'psàsāpso àrdayân 6, 49, 2.

    — 2) verzerren: ardayitvānilo vaktramarditaṃ (s. d.) janayatyataḥ SUŚR. 1, 255, 18.

    — 3) beunruhigen, bedrängen, quälen: tata enaṃ mahāvegairardayāmāsa tomaraiḥ . tānāgatānsa ciccheda MBH. 3, 16450. asurāḥ - suragaṇamardayaṃstadā 1, 1182. yairardyamānāḥ subhṛśaṃ tapastapyanti mānavāḥ 3, 11255. ardyamānānrakṣobhiḥ R. 3, 14, 16. yena (dhanuṣā) ārdidaddaityapuraṃ pinākī BHAṬṬ. 2, 46. sūryaraśmibhirarditam R. 4, 58, 7. rākṣasaiḥ - arditāḥ sma bhṛśam 3, 14, 11. vyasanenārditam MBH. 3, 2505. viśvāmitrārditāndṛṣṭvā pahlavān VIŚV. 4, 20. bhayārdita 10, 4. kopārdita ŚUK. 39, 13. yogabalā° BRAHMA-P. in LA. 59, 2. kṣudhārdita HIḌ. 2, 3. madanārditā R. 3, 23, 14.

    — 4) schlagen, verletzen, verwunden, tödten NAIGH. 2, 19. DHĀTUP. 34, 22. (tvamindra) śràvàsyàtā manâsā vṛ̀tramârdayaḥ ṚV. 10, 147, 2. ārdâyadvṛ̀tramakṛ̂ṇodu lòkam 104, 10. amaîràmitrâmardaya 8, 64, 10. VĀLAKH. 5, 2. parā̂śara tvaṃ teṣā̀ṃ parā̂ñcàṃ śuṣmâmardaya AV. 6, 65, 1. vicaranto 'rdayansarvānsiṃhavyāghramahoragān R. 1, 16, 30. ārdidat BHAṬṬ. 9, 19. 15, 90. ardita verletzt, verwundet H. an. 3, 238. MED. t. 79. muṣṭiprahārādibhirardite 'ṅge SUŚR. 1, 288, 5. kusumeṣuṇārditā PAÑCAT. 221, 13. śālvavāṇārdite tasmin MBH. 3, 717. sa taiḥ śarairmūrdhni - rākṣasārditaḥ R. 5, 42, 8. arditapakṣābhighātacikitsā Verz. d. B. H. No. 1005.

    — ati stark bedrängen: atyārdīdbālinaḥ putram BHAṬṬ. 15, 115.

    — abhi bedrängen, peinigen: abhyardasi māṃ suduḥkham R. 2, 21, 55. abhyardita M. 1, 4116. abhyardito vṛṣalaḥ . śītena pīḍita ityarthaḥ P. 7, 2, 25, Sch. 24 wird auch abhyarṇa (s. d.) nahe hierhergezogen.

    — ud aufschlagen, von einer Woge ŚAT. BR. 5, 3, 4, 5. 6.

    — ni part. nyârṇa P. 7, 2, 24. VOP. 26, 112. aufgelöst, schwindend: sa ha nyarṇaḥ śiśye ŚAT. BR. 12, 7, 1, 10.

    — nis ausströmen: so 'syāyaṃ parāṅeva prāṇo nirardati ŚAT. BR. 4, 1, 1, 3.

    — pra caus. abfliessen machen: tāsā̀manû pràvatâ indrà panthā̀ṃ prārdâyò nīcī̂ràpasâḥ samùdram ṚV. 6, 17, 12.

    — prati caus. einen Andrang erwiedern, mit dem acc.: mārgaṇavarṣeṇa rāmaṃ pratyardayadraṇe R. 6, 92, 32. med.: pratyardayata saṃkruddho rāghavaṃ punarāhave 88, 2.

    — vi part. vyarṇa P. 7, 2, 24. VOP. 26, 112.

    1) wegfliessen: yā ūrmī vyardataḥ ŚAT. BR. 5, 3, 4, 4.

    — 2) bedrängen: avyarṇa nicht bedrängt BHAṬṬ. 9, 19. — caus. zerstieben machen, zerstören, vernichten: yasyâ trìto vyojâsā vṛ̀traṃ vipârvamàrdayât ṚV. 1, 187, 1. bṛhâspatè vi pârìrāpô ardaya 2, 23, 14.

    — sam part. samarṇa P. 7, 2, 24. VOP. 26, 112. — caus. verwunden: yantāramasya sahasā tribhirvāṇaiḥ samārdayat MBH. 3, 761. tam - vatsadantaistribhiḥ pārśve samārdayat 11724.

    ☞ vol. 5, p. 1048.
    ard caus.

    3) BHĀG. P. 10, 66, 39. 88, 20. 11, 6, 14. madhyaṃ tava - payodharabharārditam so v. a. stark mitgenommen Spr. 2101.

    — abhi caus. dass.: taṃ dorbhyām - jatrāvabhyardayat BHĀG. P. 10, 67, 24.

    — pra caus. übermässig anstrengen NIR. 6, 32.

    — Vgl. prārdaka .

    Grassmann Wörterbuch zum Rig Veda

    ☞ p. 114.
    ard. Erweiterung von ar (3. 4. 8. 9) „in innere Bewegung (der Theile) gerathen”; zerstieben; Causativ: 1) erschüttern, aufregen [A.]; 2) schlagen, tödten, vernichten [A.]. Causativ mit prá, in Bewegung setzen, fliessen machen, mit ví, zerstieben machen, vernichten [vgl. lat. ardeo, dessen Begriff aus dem der innern Erregung entspringt].

    Stamm ṛda:

    -antu mū́radevās {620,24}.

    Imperf. ā́rda:

    -an {313,2} (dhánvāni).

    Stamm d. Caus. ardáya (betont nur {187,1}; {1022,2}; {AV. 4,15,6}):

    -at ví: vṛtrám víparvam {187,1}.

    -as 2) vṛtrám {973,2}; atithigvám {1022,2}. — prá: nī́cīs apásas {458,12}.

    -a [1) {AV. 4,15,6} udadhím] 2) amítram {684,10}. — ví: parirā́pas {214,14}.

    Böhtlingk Sanskrit-Wörterbuch in kürzerer Fassung

    ☞ vol. 1, p. 112, col. 3.
    ard/ ṛdati (ṚV.), árdati und *ṛṇatti

    — 1) zerstieben.

    — 2) aufregen VIDDH. 82,14.

    — 3) beunruhigen , bedrängen , quälen , hart mitnehmen. ardita hierher oder zum Caus.

    — 4) Jmd mit einer Bitte angehen.

    — Caus. ardáyati

    — 1) in Unruhe versetzen , aufregen , erschüttern.

    — 2) verzerren.

    — 3) beunruhigen , bedrängen , quälen , hart mitnehmen.

    — 4) schlagen , verwunden , tödten , vernichten.

    — Mit *ati stark bedrängen.

    — Mit abhi bedrängen , peinigen , quälen.

    — Caus. dass.

    — Mit ud aufschlagen (von einer Woge).

    — Mit ni. Partic. nyârṇṇa aufgelöst , hinschwinden.

    — Mit nis ausströmen.

    — Mit pra Caus.

    — 1) fliessen machen.

    — 2) *aufreiben.

    — Mit prati Caus. Act. Med. einen Andrang u.s.w. erwiedern (mit Acc. der Person).

    — Mit vi

    — 1) wegfliessen.

    — 2) *bedrängen.

    — Caus. zerstieben machen , vernichten.

    — Mit sam , Partic. *samarṇṇa

    — Caus. verwunden.

    Cappeller Sanskrit Wörterbuch

    ☞ p. 28, col. 2.
    ard, árdati (ved. auch ṛdati) zerstieben, aufregen, quälen, beunruhigen. Caus. beunruhigen, quälen, beunruhigen. Caus. beunruhigen, quälen, vernichten.

    Bopp Glossarium Sanscritum

    ☞ p. 19, col. 1.
    ard 1. P. A. vexare. (Haec radix hucusque in part. pass. in

    ta solum inventa est, cum praef. ā conjuncta, for-

    mans ārdita et ārta abjecto d secundum gr. 615. Lit-

    tera t formae ārta secundum gr. 103. duplicari potest,

    igitur primum t in ārtta non pro transformatione eu-

    phonica litterae d accipiendum est. Ubi ārdita et

    ārta vocem in a aut ā exeuntem sequuntur, propter

    vocales coalescentes ab ardita et arta non distingui

    possunt; cum autem ārta in positionibus non ambiguis

    inveniatur, in ambiguis quoque locis ārdita et ārta in-

    telligenda esse censeo.) H. 1. 4. 2. 3. 5. N. 8. 24. 12. 106.

    108. IN. 5. 44. (Lat. ardeo, quod fortasse sensum primi-

    tivum radicis ard exhibet).

    Whitney Roots

    ☞ p. 15.

    √ ṛd, ard ‘stir, dissolve’ present: [6.] ṛdantu ā́rdan – [1.] árdati etc. AV.+ – ṛṇatti [perfect: ānarda ārdidat ārdīt ardiṣyati arditā] verbal: arṇṇa? secondary: desiderative: ardidiṣa- – causative: ardáyati etc. V.+ derivatives: -ardaka -ardin C. ardana E.+ Of perplexing variety of meanings.