aputrikā

aputrikā I. Tatpur. f. (-kā) A daughter who is not putrikā

i. e. who is not appointed by her father, on failure of a

son, to raise up male issue for him, for the purpose of

performing his obsequies; e. g. putrikaurasayoḥ samo dhanā-

dhikāraḥ . aputrikāyāstūḍhāyāḥ putrādinyūnopakārakasvaputradvā-

reṇopakārakatvam. (Not to be confounded with the Bahuvr.

aputrikā, fem. of aputraka q. v.) E. a neg. and putrikā.

II. Bahuvr. m. (-kaḥ) A father who has left no daughter

appointed by him to be a putrikā q. v.--Jīmūtavāhana ex-

plains in a verse of Devala which treats of the succession

of daughters when the father leaves no widow: kanyābhyaśca

piturdravyāddeyaṃ vaivāhikaṃ vasu . aputrikasya kanyā svā dharmajā

putravadbhavet, the word putrikā as implying the meaning ‘son’:

putrikāpadaṃ putropalakṣaṇam when the verse would have to be

rendered: ‘to unmarried daughters a nuptial portion must

be given out of the estate of the father; of a father who

has no putrikā in the place of a son, his own daughter (i. e.

one of the same caste) lawfully begotten must be considered

like a son (i. e. be entitled to the inheritance); the same

sense is conveyed by Parāśara's words: aputrasya mṛtasya ku-

mārī rikthaṃ gṛhlīyāt (Dāyabh. p. 271, Dāyakramas. p. 4,

Vīramitrod. p. 204 a. with the v. 1. aputramṛtasya), and by the

quotation of the Dāyakramas. p. 4: aputrasya ca svā kanyā

dharmajā putravaddharet (which seems to have been the reading

of Colebrooke when he translates in his Digest vol. III. p. 491.

CCCCXX: ‘and his own daughter…shall take &c.’. But

the more precise bearing of Devala's clause is conveyed by

a verse of Vṛhaspati which is to the same effect, viz. sa-

dṛśī sadṛśenoḍhā sādhvī śuśrūṣaṇe ratā . kṛtākṛtā vāputrasya

piturdhanaharī tu sā (Dāyabh. p. 273, Dāyakramas. p. 4, Vīra-

mitr. p. 204b, Colebr. Dig. III. p. 186. CCXXIV. 2.); for he in-

troduces there the terms kṛtā and akṛtā which apply only

to a putrikā either appointed by a plain declaration or by

an implied intention (Manu 9. 136., Dig. III. 164. CCVII) and

the author of the Smṛtichandrikā (accord. to the Vīramitrod.

p. 205 a) infers from this verse that the putrikā, whether

kṛtā or akṛtā, precedes in succession the wife of the de-

ceased, who herself precedes the daughter qualified by the four

epithets sadṛśī…ratā, viz. sadṛśī sadṛśenoḍheti prākpaṭhitaṃ

vṛhaspativacanaṃ smṛticandrikākāra itthaṃ vyācakhyau . atrādyāni

catvāri viśeṣaṇāni patnyā ūrdhvamarthagrāhiṇīduhitṛviṣayāṇi .

tataḥ prāgdhanagrāhiṇīduhitṛviśeṣaṇe dve avaśiṣṭe . kṛtākṛtā ve-

tyatra putriketi viśeṣyādhyāhāraḥ . itaratra duhiteti viśeṣyā-

dhyāhāraḥ . vāśabdaśca vyavasthitavikalpārthaḥ . evaṃ cāyamarthaḥ .

aurasaputravihīnasya piturdhanaṃ dvividhāpi putrikā patnyāḥ pūrvaṃ

gṛhlīyāt . savarṇādiviśeṣaṇopetā tu duhitā tata ūrdhvamiti.

Now as the regular line of succession is in the first rank

a son, then on failure of him the widow, and on failure

of her the daughter &c. (comp. Dig. III. p. 489. CCCCXVII)

and as a putrikā is equal in right to a son (Kullūka on

Manu 9. 130. and comp. 9. 127.), the word aputrikasya of De-

vala, it is true, coincides in legal value with the word a-

putrasya of Parāśara &c., but on the other hand it is clear

that the former is a more precise expression than the latter,

since an aputrika will always be an aputra, but an aputra

may not be an aputrika. (The Pandit who has supplied the

notes to Colebrooke's Digest denies the necessity of the

former part of this inference (vol. III. p. 188), for a father

may, in his opinion, appoint his daughter even if he has a

son, yet his argument is not founded on the law-authorities,

but on a precedent mentioned in the Bhāgav. Pur. (4. 1. 2.)

where Manu appoints his daughter Ākūti as putrikā, when

giving her in marriage to Ruchi, although she had brothers.)

Jīmūtavāhana's gloss is therefore not to be rendered ‘putrikā

means’, but ‘putrikā implies the meaning son’, when the

concordance between the quoted authorities becomes com-

plete. As Colebrooke has probably translated the reading

aputrasya ca svā kanyā &c., mentioned before, he has no re-

mark on the difficulty conveyed by the reading aputrikasya

(but comp. vol. III. p. 493. 1. 38 ff.).--[A conjecture has

been proposed to read aputrakasya instead of the latter

word; but as it is advanced without any argument what-

ever, and is in the teeth of Jīmūtavāhana's gloss which is

misunderstood in rendering aputrika ‘sonless’, it seems

merely to proceed from a gratuitous trifling with the text.]

E. a priv. and putrikā.

A-putrikā, f. the daughter of a sonless father, who

herself has no male offspring; (as), m. the father of

such a daughter.

aputrikā The daughter of a sonless father, who herself has no male child; one who is not appointed by her father to beget male issue for him on failure of a son; cf. akṛtā.

— kaḥ The father of such a daughter.

aputrikā The daughter of a sonless father, who herself has no male child; one who is not appointed by her father to beget male issue for him on failure of a son; cf. akṛtā. -kaḥ The father of such a daughter.