akṣara

akṣara m. (-raḥ)

1 A name of ŚIVA.

2 A name of VIṢṆU. n. (-raṃ) BRAHM, the supreme being, (in this sense it is sometimes mas.)

2 Eternal beatitude, or exemption from further transmigration.

3 Religious austerity.

4 Moral merit.

5 The sky or atmosphere.

6 A letter of the alphabet.

7 A plant. (Achyranthes aspera.)

8 Water (in the dialect of the Vedas.) mfn. (-raḥ-rā-raṃ)

1 Unalterable.

2 Unperishable, undecayable.

E. aśū to pervade, and sara Uṇādi affix.

a-kṣara (raḥ) 1. m. Shiva, Vishnu; n.
Brahm; a letter; a. (ra-rā-raṃ)
unalterable.

akṣara Tatpur. I. m. f. n. (-raḥ-rā-ram) ¹ Imperishable, in-

decayable. ² Inalterable.

II. m. (-raḥ) ¹ A name of Śiva. ² A name of Viṣṇu.

³ A sword.

III. n. (-ram) ¹ Brahma, the supreme being (in this sense

it is said to be also mascul.). ² Eternal beatitude or ex-

emption from further transmigration. ³ Penance, religious

austerity. ⁴ Moral merit, law. ⁵ Sacrifice. ⁶ A letter of the

alphabet. ⁷ A syllable. ⁸ The syllable om. ⁹ A vowel. ¹⁰ A

plant (Achyranthes aspera). ¹¹ The sky or atmosphere.

¹² Water (see akṣita). E. a neg. and kṣara. (The gramm.

author. derive this word from aś (aśū), uṇ. aff. sara or

ksaran).

akṣara a-kṣara. I. adj., f. rā. Im-

perishable. II. n. 1. A word. 2.

A syllable. 3. The holy syllable om.

4. A letter. 5. A vowel. — Comp.

An-, adj. one who utters what ought

not to be said. Eka-, adj. monosyllabic,

Man. 2, 83. Ghuṇa-, n. a figure

bored by a woodworm, and by accident

resembling a letter, Rājat. 4, 167

(Pañc. 42, 12, read ghuṇākṣara).

Catur-, n. four syllables. Tryakṣara,

i. e. tri-, adj. triliteral, Man. 11, 265.

Ṣaḍakṣara, i. e. ṣaṣ-, adj. contain-

ing six syllables, Pañc. i. d. 184.

akṣara a-kṣara, as, ā, am, imperishable;

unalterable; (as), m. a sword; Śiva; Viṣṇu; (am),

n. a syllable; the syllable om; a letter; a vowel, a

sound; a word; speech; Brahma; final beatitude;

abiding merit, religious austerity; sacrifice; right,

justice; the sky; water; a plant (Achyranthes Aspera).

—Akṣara-cañcu or akṣara-cuñcu, us, or akṣa-

ra-caṇa or akṣara-cana, as, m. a writer, scribe.

—Akṣara-cchandas, as, n. metre regulated by the

number and quantity of syllables. —Akṣara-jananī,

f. a reed or pen. —Akṣara-jīvaka or akṣara-

jīvika, as, or akṣara-jīvin, ī, m. a scribe. —Akṣa-

ra-jur, ūr, m. a sage, one who knows and enjoys

Brahma. —Akṣara-tūlikā, f. a reed or pen.

—Akṣara-nyāsa or akṣara-vinyāsa, as, m. array

of syllables or letters, writing; scripture; the alphabet.

—Akṣara-paṅkti, is, is, i, containing five syllables;

(is), f., N. of a metre of four lines, each containing

one dactyl and one spondee; also called paṅkti or

haṃsa. —Akṣara-bhāj, k, k, k, Ved. entitled to a

share in the syllables (of a prayer). —Akṣara-mukha,

as, m. having the mouth full of syllables, a student,

scholar. —Akṣara-vinyāsa, see akṣara-nyāsa.

—Akṣara-śas, ind. syllable by syllable. —Akṣa-

ra-śūnya, as, ā, am, inarticulate. —Akṣara-

saṃsthāna, am, n. scripture, writing. —Akṣarāṅga

(°ra-aṅga), am, n. part of a syllable.

a-kṣára, a. imperishable; as n. word; syllable; the sacred syllable, om, 60¹⁴; sound, letter, 61⁴.

akṣara a. [na kṣaratīti; kṣar calane ac-na. ta.]

1 Imperishable, indestructible, undecaying, epithet of the Supreme as well as the Individual soul; yamakṣaraṃ kṣetravido vidustamātmānamātmanyavalokayaṃtaṃ Ku. 3. 50; dvāvimau puruṣau loke kṣaraścākṣara eva ca .. kṣaraḥ sarvāṇi bhūtāni kūṭastho'kṣara ucyate .. Bg. 15. 16; yasmātkṣaramatītohamakṣarādapi cottamaḥ . atosmi loke vede ca prathitaḥ puruṣottamaḥ; the unconcerned (Spirit); akṣaraṃ paramaṃ brahma.

2 Fixed, firm, unalterable.

— raḥ

1 Śiva.

2 Viṣṇu.

3 A sword.

— rā Sound, word, speech (Ved.).

— raṃ [aś-saraḥ Uṇ. 3. 70, aśeḥ saraḥ; aśnute vyāpnoti vedādiśāstrāṇi.]

1 (a) A letter of the alphabet; akṣarāṇāmakārosmi Bg. 10. 33; mudrākṣarāṇi, madhura°, tryakṣara &c. (b) a syllable; ekākṣaraṃ paraṃ brahma Ms. 2. 83 the monosyllable; ekamakṣaraṃ Bg. 10. 25, Ms. 2. 78, 84, 125 (sacred syllable). Hence (c) a word or words, speech collectively; pratiṣedha° viklavābhirāmaṃ Ś. 3. 25; aho saṃdīpanānyakṣarāṇi U. 4; bharturetāni praṇayamayānyakṣarāṇi M. 3 words; brāhmaṇasaṃkramitākṣareṇa pitāmahena V. 3; akṣaraṃ varṇanirmāṇaṃ varṇamapyakṣaraṃ viduḥ . akṣaraṃ na kṣaraṃ vidyādaśnotervā sare 'kṣaraṃ ..

2 A document (letter &c.), sacred writing; writing in general (in pl.); tatra bhuktiḥ pramāṇaṃ syānna sākṣī nākṣarāṇi ca Pt. 3. 94; tatrabhavatyā akṣarāṇi visṛṣṭāni syuḥ V. 2.

3 The highest deity or Godhead, the indestructible spirit, Brahma ( paramabrahman, mūlakāraṇaṃ); akṣaraṃ paramaṃ brahma Bg. 8. 3; karma brahmodbhavaṃ viddhi brahmākṣarasamudbhavaṃ 3. 15; yathā sataḥ puruṣātkeśalomāni tathākṣarātsaṃbhavatīha viśvaṃ Chān. Up.

4 Religious austerity, penance.

5 Sacrifice.

6 Water.

7 The sky.

8 Final (pb) beatitude, emancipation from further transmigration.

9 Continuance, permanence.

10 Right, justice (Ved. in these two senses).

11 N. of a plant, Achyranthes Aspera.

12 A measure of time, equal to one-fifth of a Kāṣṭhā.

Comp.

— aṃgaṃ

1 a part of a syllable.

2 alphabet.

— arthaḥ [ṣa. ta.] meaning (of words); kiṃ tāvat gītyāavagato'kṣarārthaḥ Ś. 5

— caṃ(cuṃ)cuḥ

— caṇaḥ, naḥ [akṣareṇa varṇavinyāsalipyā vittaḥ akṣara-caṇap or caṃ(cuṃ)cup P. V. 2. 26.] a scribe, writer, copyist; so °jīvakaḥ, jīvī, akṣareṇa jīvati; jīva ṇini or ṇvul; also °jīvikaḥ.

— cyutakaṃ [akṣaraṃ cyutaṃ luptaṃ yatra; ba. kap] getting out a different meaning by the omission of a letter (e. g. kurvan divākaraśleṣaṃ dadhaccaraṇaḍaṃbaraṃ . deva yauṣmākasenayoḥ kareṇuḥ prasaratyasau where another meaning may be got by omitting ka in kareṇuḥ i. e. by taking reṇuḥ).

— chaṃdas n.

— vṛttaṃ

1 a metre regulated by the number of syllables it contains; chaṃdastu dvividhaṃ proktaṃ vṛttaṃ jātiriti dvidhā . vṛttamakṣarasaṃkhyātaṃ jātirmātrākṛtā bhavet ..

2 of unshaken resolve, resolute (akṣaraṃ niścalaṃ chaṃdo'bhiprāyo yasya); an epithet of paramātman.

— jananī, tūlikā [ akṣarāṇāṃ jananīva; tallipilekhānāṃ tūlikeva vā sādhanatvāt] a reed or pen.

— (vi) nyāsaḥ [ṣa. ta. bhāve ghañ] writing, arrangement of letters; bhūrjapatragato °saḥ V. 2. 2. the alphabet.

3 scripture.

4 hṛdayādyādhārasparśapūrvakaṃ tadakṣarāṇāṃ smaraṇoccāraṇarūpastaṃtraprasiddho varṇanyāsaḥ.

— paṃkti a.

1 having

5 syllables (paṃkti = Gr. pentas five) su mat pad vaga de ityeṣa vai yajño'kṣarapaṃktiḥ Ait. Br. (tānyetānyakṣarāṇi hotṛjapādau prayoktavyāni).

2 N. of a metre of four lines (dvipadā virāj) each having five syllables (one dactyl and one spondee).

— bhāj a. having a share in the syllables (of a prayer?).

— bhūmikā tablet R. 18. 46

— mukhaḥ [akṣarāṇi tanmayāni śāstrāṇi vā mukhe yasya] a scholar, student.

— khaṃ [ṣa. ta.] the beginning of the alphabet; the letter a.

— muṣṭikā ‘finger-speech’, speaking by means of finger-signs.

— varjita a. unlettered, illiterate, not knowing how to read or write.

— vyaktiḥ f. [ṣa. ta]. distinct articulation of syllables.

— śikṣā [ṣa. ta.] the science of (mystic) syllables; theory of brahma (brahmatatva); mahyaṃ °kṣāṃ vidhāya Dk. 11.

— saṃsthānaṃ [akṣarāṇāṃ saṃsthānaṃ yatra] arrangement of letters, writing, alphabet.

akṣára a. the same; n. sound, word, syllable, esp. the sacred Om; record, writing.

akṣara a-kṣára, a. imperishable; n. word,
syllable, the sacred syllable (om); sound,
letter; document, epistle; the supreme deity;
-cyutaka, n. supplying an omitted syllable
(a game); -cchandas, n. syllabic metre;
-mālā, f. wreath of letters (written by fate on
the forhead), i-kā, f. id.; -varjita, pp.
illiterate; -vinyāsa, m. writing; -śikṣā, f.
alphabet.

a-kṣára mfn. imperishable

unalterable

a-kṣára m. a sword, L.

Śiva, L.

Viṣṇu, L.

a-kṣára n. a syllable

the syllable om, Mn.

a-kṣára n. a letter [m., RāmatUp.]

a-kṣára n. a vowel

a sound

a word

an indelible mark incised on metal or stone

N. of Brahma

final beatitude religious austerity, sacrifice, L.

water, RV. i, 34, 4 and i, 164, 42

Achyranthes Aspera.

a-kṣara (also) m. N. of a Sāman, ĀrṣBr.

a-kṣara (erase ‘Achyranthes Aspera’)

akṣara

m. (-raḥ)

1. A name of SIVA.

2. A name of VISHNU.

n. (-raṃ)
BRAHMA the supreme being, (in this sense it is sometimes mas.)
2. Eternal beatitude, or exemption from further transmigration.

3.
Religious austerity.

4. Moral merit.

5. The sky or atmosphere.
6. A letter of the alphabet.

7. A plant. (Achyranthes aspera.)

8.
Water (in the dialect of the Vedas.)

mfn. (-raḥ-rā-raṃ)

1. Unal-
terable.

2. Unperishable, undecayable.

E. aśū to pervade, and sara
Unadi affix.

akṣara a. [na kṣaratīti; kṣar calane ac-na. ta.] 1 Imperishable, indestructible, undecaying, epithet of the Supreme as well as the Individual soul; yamakṣaraṃ kṣetravido vidustamātmānamātmanyavalokayantam Ku.3.50; dvāvimau puruṣau loke kṣaraścākṣara eva ca | kṣaraḥ sarvāṇi bhūtāni kūṭastho'kṣara ucyate Bg.15.16. yasmātkṣaramatīto'hamakṣarādapi cottamaḥ | ato'smi loke vede ca prathitaḥ puruṣottamaḥ Bg.15.18; the unconcerned (Spirit); akṣaraṃ brahma paramabh Bg.8.3. -2 Fixed, firm, unalterable. -raḥ 1 Śiva. -2 Viṣṇu. -3 A sword. -rā Sound, word, speech (Ved.). -ram [aś-saraḥ Uṇ.3.70, aśeḥ saraḥ; aśnute vyāpnoti vedādiśāstrāṇi.] 1 (a) A letter of the alphabet; akṣarāṇāmakāro'smi Bg.10.33; mudrākṣarāṇi, madhura˚, tryakṣara &c. (b) a syllable; ekākṣaraṃ paraṃ brahma Ms.2.83 the monosyllable; girāmasmyekamakṣaram Bg.10.25, Ms.2.78,84,125 (sacred syllable). Hence (c) a word or words, speech collectively; pratiṣedhākṣaraviklavābhirāmam Ś.3.24; aho saṃdāpanānyakṣarāṇi U.4; bharturetāni praṇayamayānyakṣarāṇi M.3 words; brāhmaṇasaṃkramitākṣareṇa pitāmahena V.3; akṣaṃra varṇanirmāṇaṃ varṇamapyakṣaraṃ viduḥ | akṣaraṃ na kṣaraṃ vidyādaśnotervā saro'kṣaram || -2 A document (letter &c.), sacred writing; writing in general (in pl.); tatra bhuktiḥ pramāṇaṃ syānna sākṣī nākṣarāṇi ca Pt.3.93; tatrabhavatyā akṣarāṇi visṛṣṭāni syuḥ V.2. -3 The highest deity or Godhead, the indestructible spirit, Brahman (paramabrahman, mūlakāraṇam); akṣaraṃ brahma paramam Bg.8.3; karma brahmodbhavaṃ viddhi brahmākṣarasamudbhavam 3.15; yathā sataḥ puruṣātkeśalomāni tathākṣarātsaṃbhavatīha viśvam Chān. Up. -4 Religious austerity, penance. -5 Sacrifice. -6 Water. tataḥ kṣarati akṣaram Rv.1.164.42. -7 The sky. -8 Final beatitude, emancipation from further transmigration. -9 Continuance, permanence. -10 Right, justice (Ved. in these two senses). -11 N. of a plant, Achyranthes Aspera. (apāmārga Mar. aghāḍā.) -12 A measure of time, equal to one-fifth of a Kāṣṭhā. -Comp -akṣaraḥ a kind of religious meditation; Kāraṇḍavyūha (Metrical recension) -aṅgam 1. a part of a syllable. -2. alphabet. -arthaḥ [ṣa. ta.] meaning (of words); kiṃ tāvat gītyā avagato'kṣarārthaḥ Ś.5. -ca (ñcuṃ) ñcuḥ -ñcaṇaḥ, -naḥ [akṣareṇa varṇavinyāsalipyā vittaḥ akṣara -caṇap or cu (ñcuṃ) ñcup tena vittaścuñcup caṇapau; P. V.2.26.] a scribe, writer, copyist; so ˚jīvakaḥ, -jīvī, akṣareṇa jīvati; jīv ṇini or ṇvul; also ˚jīvikaḥ. -cyutakam [akṣaraṃ cyutaṃ luptaṃ yatra; ba kap] getting out a different meaning by the omission of a letter (e. g. kurvan divākaraśleṣaṃ dadhaccaraṇaḍambaram | deva yauṣmākasenayoḥ kareṇuḥ prasaratyasau where another meaning may be got by omitting ka in kareṇuḥ i. e. by taking reṇuḥ). -chandas n. -vṛttam a metre regulated by the number of syllables it contains; chandastu dvividhaṃ proktaṃ vṛttaṃ jātiriti dvidhā | vṛttamakṣarasaṃkhyātaṃ jātirmātrākṛtā bhavet || unshaken resolve, resolute (akṣaraṃ niścalaṃ chando'bhiprāyo yasya); -jananī, -tūlikā [akṣarāṇāṃ jananīva; tallipilekhānāṃ tūlikeva vā sādhanatvāt] a reed or pen. -jīvakaḥ or -jīvin m. 'One who lives by writing', a scribe. -(vi) nyāsaḥ [ṣa. ta. bhāve ghañ] 1 writing, arrangement of letters; bhūrjapatragato ˚saḥ V.2. -2 the alphabet. -3 scripture. -4 hṛdayādyādhārasparśapūrvakaṃ tadakṣarāṇāṃ smaraṇoccāraṇarūpastantraprasiddho varṇanyāsaḥ - paṅkti a. 1. having 5 syllables (paṅkti = Gr. pentas-five) su mat pad vaga de ityeṣa vai yajño'kṣarapaṅktiḥ Ait. Br. (tānyetānyakṣarāṇi hotṛja- pādau prayoktavyāni). -2 N. of a metre of four lines (dvipadā virāj) each having five syllables (one dactyl and one spondee). -bhāj a. having a share in the syllables (of a prayer ?). -bhūmikā tablet; nyastākṣarāmakṣarabhūmikāyām R.18. 46. -mukhaḥ [akṣarāṇi tanmayāni śāstrāṇi vā mukhe yasya] a scholar, student. -kham [ṣa. ta.] the beginning of the alphabet; the letter a. -muṣṭikā 'finger-speech', speaking by means of finger-signs. -varjita a. unlettered, illiterate, not knowing how to read or write. a. of an epithet of paramātman. -vyaktiḥ f. [ṣa. ta.] distinct articulation of syllables. -śikṣā [ṣa. ta.] the science of (mystic) syllables; theory of brahma (brahmatattva); mahyaṃ ˚kṣāṃ vidhāya Dk.11. -saṃsthānam [akṣarāṇāṃ saṃsthānaṃ yatra] arrangement of letters, writing, alphabet.

akṣara akṣara a. (kṣar) irrésoluble; indivisible.

— S. n. l'Indivisible, c-à-d. l'Etre absolu;

syllabe, et particulièrement la voyelle de la syllabe: ekam akṣaram, la syllabe indivisible oṃ oṃ.

Au fig. la piété, le mérite et le bonheur que procure la méditation du monosyllabe oṃ.

L'air, l'eau, considérés dans leur homogénéité.

Achyranthes aspera, plante.

akṣarāṅga n. (aṅga) élément de la syllabe, dépendance de la voyelle syllabique.

akṣaracaṇa ou akṣaracana m. scribe, écrivain.

akṣarajananī f. (jananī mère) plume pour écrire, calame.

akṣarajīvaka m. (jīv) qui gagne sa vie à tracer des lettres, scribe, écrivain.

akṣaratūlikā, f. pinceau pour écrire.

akṣaravinyāsa m. l'art d'assembler les lettres, écriture.

akṣaramukha m. écolier, commençant.

akṣarapaṅkti f. stance qui est une paṅkti quant au nombre des syllabes des pādas.

akṣarasansthāna n. assemblage des lettres, écriture.

a-kṣara- a. qui ne passe pas, inaltérable; nt. (rar. m.) mot, parole; syllabe, not. la syllabe sacrée Om; lettre (de l'alphabet), phonème ; pl. document écrit; divinité suprême; n. de divers dieux.

°cyutaka- nt. restitution d'une syllabe tombée (jeu).

°nyāsa- m. disposition des lettres, écriture; vinyāsa- id.

°mālā- f. couronne de lettres (que le destin inscrit sur le front); -ikā- id.

°varjita- a. analphabète.

°śikṣā- f. alphabet, abc; doctrine du brahman .

°samāmnāya- m. alphabet.

akṣára (3. a + kṣara)

1) adj. unvergänglich: garbhê mā̀tuḥ pìtuṣpìtā vîdidyutā̀no àkṣarê . sīdânnṛ̀tasyà yonìmā .. ṚV. 6, 16, 35. yenākṣaraṃ puruṣaṃ veda MUṆḌ. UP. 1, 2, 13. dvāvimau puruṣau loke kṣaraścākṣara eva ca . kṣaraḥ sarvāṇi bhūtāni kūṭastho 'kṣara ucyate .. BHAG. 15, 16. kṣaranti sarvā vaidikyo juhotiyajatikriyāḥ . akṣaraṃ tvakṣaraṃ jñeyaṃ brahma caiva prajāpatiḥ .. M. 2, 84.

— 2) m.

a) Schwert H. ś. 143.

— b) Viṣṇu, ŚABDAR. im ŚKDR.

— c) Śiva, MED. r. 110. ŚABDAR. im ŚKDR.

— 3) f. ákṣarā Laut, Ton, Wort, Rede: vìdadyadī̂ sàramā̂ rùgṇamadrèrmahì pāthâḥ pū̀rvyaṃ sàdhryâkkaḥ . agrâṃ nayatsùpadyakṣârāṇā̀macchā̀ ravâṃ prathàmā jā̂nàtī gā̂t .. ṚV. 3, 31, 6. upâ tvā sā̀tayè narò viprā̂so yanti dhī̀tibhîḥ . upākṣârā sahàsriṇī̂ .. 7, 15, 9. ùta tye nô màrutô mandasā̀nā dhiyâṃ tòkaṃ câ vā̀jinô 'vantu . mā nàḥ parî khyàdakṣârā caràntyavī̂vṛdhànyujyàṃ te ràyiṃ nâḥ 7, 36, 7.

— 4) n. (akṣára UṆ. 3, 69. ákṣara P. 7, 2, 9, Sch.)

a) das Unvergängliche, Beständige: ùṣasàḥ pūrvā̀ adhà yadvyū̀ ṣurmàhadvi jâjñe àkṣarâṃ pàde goḥ . vràtā dèvānā̀mupà nu pràbhūṣânmàhaddèvānā̂masuratvamekâm .. ṚV. 3, 55, 1.

— b) das Bleibende, Einfache in der Sprache:

α) Wort NAIGH. 1, 11 (vāc). ṛ̀co àkṣarê paràme vyômànyasmîndèvā adhì viśvê niṣèduḥ . yastanna vedà kimṛ̀cā kâriṣyatì ya ittadvìdusta ime samā̂sate .. ṚV. 1, 164, 39 (NIR. 13, 10. wird akṣara hier als om erklärt) sedàgniràgnīm̐ratyâstvànyānyatrâ vā̀jī tanâyo vī̀ḻupā̂ṇiḥ . sàhasrâpāthā àkṣarā sàmetî .. 7, 1, 14. vacanaṃ krodhaparyākûlākṣaram VIŚV. 8, 6. 9, 12. doṣākṣara Worte des Vorwurfs ŚĀK. 69, 15. pratiṣedhākṣara Worte der Weigerung 73, v. l. vacaḥ paruṣākṣaram 69, 2, v.l.

— β) Silbe: gā̀yàtreṇà pratî mimīte àrkamàrkeṇà sāmà traiṣṭûbhena vā̀kam . vā̀kenâ vā̀kaṃ dvìpadā̀ catûṣpadā̀kṣarêṇa mimate sàpta vāṇī̂ḥ .. ṚV. 1, 164, 24. 10, 13, 3. yasminṣaḍùrvīḥ pañcà diśò adhî śrìtāścatâsra āpô yàjñasyà trayò 'kṣârāḥ AV. 13, 3, 6. AIT. BR. 1, 10. 2, 37. BṚH. ĀR. UP. 5, 2, 1 - 3. 5, 3. M. 2, 125. R. 1, 2, 21. 43. HIT. I, 203.

— γ) die heilige Silbe om M. 2, 78. 84. Auch ekākṣaram M. 2, 83. ekamakṣaram BHAG. 10, 25.

— δ) Laut, Buchstab (varṇa) AK. 3, 4, 50. H. an. 3, 516. MED. r. 110. tryakṣara aus 3 Lauten bestehend (die Silbe om aus a, u und ma) M. 11, 265. akṣarāṇāmakāro 'smi BHAG. 10, 33. sākṣarāṅgulimudrā AK. 2, 6, 3, 9. H. 664. nāmamudrākṣarāṇyanuvācya ŚĀK. 17, 4. pratyuvāca śubhāṃ vāṇīṃ madhurāṃ madhurākṣarām R. 1, 43, 22.

— ε) Vocal ṚV. PRĀTIŚ. 1, 4. PAT. zu P. 8, 2, 89. VOP. 8, 112. ŚRUT. 2.

— c) Wasser NAIGH. 1, 12. tasyā̂ḥ (gauryāḥ) samùdrā adhì vi kṣârantì tenâ jī̀vantì pràdiśàścatâsraḥ . tatâḥ kṣaratyàkṣaràṃ tadviśvàmupâ jīvati .. ṚV. 1, 164, 42. pṛkṣô àsme àkṣarêva pinvatam 1, 34, 4.

— d) Luft, Atmosphäre TRIK. 1, 1, 81. H. an. 3, 516.

— e) Name einer Pflanze, Achyranthes aspera ibid.

— f) die höchste Gottheit, der letzte Grund alles Seins BṚH. ĀR. UP. 3, 8, 8-11. MUṆḌ. UP. 1, 1, 5. 6. yathā sataḥ puruṣātkeśalomāni tathākṣarātsaṃbhavatīha viśvam ebend. 7. = brahman MED. r. 110 = paramabrahman und mūlakāraṇa H. an. 3, 516. akṣaraṃ brahma paramam BHAG. 8, 3. karma brahmodbhavaṃ viddhi brahmākṣarasamudbhavam 3, 15.

— g) die Befreiung der Seele von ferneren Wiedergeburten (mokṣa) AK. 3, 4, 184. H. 75.

— h) Kasteiung (tapas) H. an. 3, 516.

— i) Gesetz, Recht (dharma) ibid.

— k) Opfer (adhvara) ibid.

akṣára UṆĀDIS. 3, 70.

2)

d) = puruṣa TATTVAS. 18.

— 4)

b)

α) n. pl. Schriftstück, schriftliches Document Spr. 1846.

— β)

δ)

ε) in der Bed. Silbe, Vocal, Buchstab masc. WEBER, RĀMAT. UP. 308. 333. Spr. 2991.

— δ) am Ende lies pratyuvāca .

— ζ) ein best. Zeitmaass, = (1/5) Kāṣṭhā WEBER, JYOT. 104. fg.

a-kṣára, a., nicht zerrinnend, unversiegbar. Als das nicht Zerrinnende wird insbesondere aufgefasst: 1) der Himmel oder Aetherraum, 2) das Wasser, 3) das gottverliehene Gut, 4) das Wort oder die Silbe. In den ersten drei Anwendungen blickt die Grundbedeutung überall deutlich hindurch, während sie in der letztern, namentlich in den spätern Liedern ({164,839}), ganz zurücktritt (vgl. das Folg.).

-am [n.] 1) {289,1}. 2) {164,42}.

-ena [n.] 4) {164,24}; {839,3}.

-e [n.] 1) {457,35}. 4) {164,39}.

-ā [n. p.] 3) {34,4}; {517,14}.

akṣára

— 1) Adj. nicht zerrinnend , unvergänglich 284,32.

— 2) n.

— a) (ausnahmsweise auch m.) Wort ; Silbe ; die heilige Silbe om ; Laut ; Vocal.

— b) Schriftstück , Urkunde Spr. 4235.

— c) Wasser.

— d) die höchste Gottheit , der letzte Grund alles Seins.

— e) Seele.

— f) *Luft , Atmosphäre.

— g) *Befreiung der Seele von ferneren Wiedergeburten.

— h) *Kasteiung.

— i) *Gesetz , Recht.

— k) *Opfer.

— l) *Achyranthes aspera.

— 3) m.

— a) *Schwert.

— b) *Bein. Viṣṇu's und Śiva's. Vgl. ákṣarā

akṣára unversieglich. n. Wort, Silbe; Schriftstück, Brief.

akṣara 2. 1) zu streichen; vgl. Zach. Beitr.

akṣara 2. m) Name eines Sāman, Ārṣ. Br.

akṣara n. *Gesetz, Recht, Pūrṇabh. 125, 23.

akṣara n. (KARM. ex a priv. et kṣara periens, a r. kṣar s. a)

1) quod non perit, immortale, sempiternum (na kṣaratī

'ty akṣaram, sic schol. Srîdharasvâminus ad BH. 8. 3.).

2) littera, syllaba. 3) ekam akṣaram (unum immortale)

syllaba sanctissima om, quae tribus suis litteris tres

deos altissimos exprimit, scilicet litterâ a, quae cum

sequente u in o coalescit, deum Vischnum, u Sivum

et m Brahmam. BH. 10. 25.

akṣara;
kaivalyaṃ nirvāṇaṃ niḥśreyasamamṛtamakṣaraṃ brahma .
apunarbhavo'pavargo muktirmokṣo mahānandaḥ .. 124 ..
1.1.1.124

akṣara;
śuklādau brāhmaṇādau ca śobhāyāmakṣare vrate .
gītakrame stutau veṣe varṇaśabdaṃ pracakṣate .. 860 ..
5.1.1.860

akṣara na0 na kṣaratīti kṣara—calane ac na0 ta0 . parama-
brahmaṇi kūṭasthe caitanye “akṣaraṃ paramaṃ brahmeti” gītā .
kriyāśūnye tri0 jīve paramātmani ca pu0 . “kṣaraḥ sarvāṇi
bhūtāni kūṭasyo'kṣara ucyate iti “yasmāt kṣaramatīto-
'hamakṣarādapi cottamaḥ . ato'smi loke vede ca prathitaḥ
puruṣottama iti” ca gītā . kṣaraṇaśūnye sthire tri0 .
aśrute vyāpnoti vedādiśāstrāṇi aśa—saran . akārādi-
varṇe na0 “akṣarāṇāmakāro'smi dvandvaḥsāmāsikasya ceti”
gītā . varṇasmārakalipisanniveśe, “akṣaraṃ varṇanirmmāṇaṃ
varṇamapyakṣaraṃ viduḥ . akṣaraṃ na kṣaraṃ vidyādaśnotervā sare-
'kṣaramiti” ujjvala0 . udake mokṣe ca na0 .

*Akṣara (“imperishable”): (= Kṛṣṇa) XII, 1626, 1635;

XII, 2328 (°sātmatām), 2323 (id.), 2351 (°saṃmitāḥ lokāḥ);

(= Hiraṇyagarbha) XII, 11232 (eko); (= Viṣṇu?) XII,

13115; (= Kṛṣṇa?) XII, 13285(?); (= Śiva) XIII, 1193

(paramaṃ Brahma?); (= Viṣṇu) XIII, 6951 (1000 names),

7000 (1000 names).

Akṣara (I) — Father of Suyajña.

Br. III. 70. 23.

Akṣara (II) — an epithet of Hari — (ety.)¹ is Brahma.² [Footnote] 1) M. 248. 39. [Footnote] 2) Vā. 32. 1.

Akṣara (III) — rises out of the neck of Brahmā in the con-

templation of creation.¹ A system of letters formed by

Brahmā.² [Footnote] 1) Vā. 26. 14. [Footnote] 2) Bhā. XII. 6. 43-44.

Akṣara (IV) — a term for mahān.

Vā. 102. 21.

akṣara, cf. hast-ākṣarāṇi (LP), a deed for borrowing money;

also kṛṣṇ-ākṣarāṇi (LP), the record containing a censure; also

ujjval-ākṣarāṇi (LP), a certificate of good conduct; also viśuddh-

ākṣarāṇi (LP), an acknowledgement. Cf. uttar-ākṣarāṇi (LP),

same as Marāṭhī utarāi; probably, a deed by which land is given

at a favourable rent to merchants, etc., who helped the govern-

ment with money.

Cf. guṇ-ākṣara, also called guṇa-patra; see also gupt-ākṣara.