adhikāra

Wilson Sanskrit-English Dictionary

☞ p. 22.

adhikāra m. (-raḥ)

1 Authority.

2 Supremacy.

3 Rule, government.

4 Right, title.

5 Property, ownership.

6 Privilege.

7 Duty, office.

3 A chapter, a section.

9 The use of royal insignia.

10 (In grammar) Government, the dependance of a form on a previous one.

E. adhi over, and kāra what makes, from kṛ with ghañ affix; what gives or exercises preeminence.

Yates Sanskrit-English Dictionary

☞ p. 18, col. 1.

adhi-kāra (raḥ) 1. m. Authority, rule,
right, title, possession, privilege.

Goldstücker Sanskrit-English Dictionary

☞ p. 54, col. 2.

adhikāra I. Tatp. m. (-raḥ) ¹ Superintendence, supremacy, autho-

rity. ² Rule, government. ³ Duty, office. ⁴ Right, title, owner-

ship. ⁵ The use of royal insignia. ⁶ (In the Mīmānsā philo-

sophy.) The right of action, i. e. the right to institute a

sacrifice and to claim the results which are derived from

it; it is subject to different regulations and restrictions and

forms the subject of the sixth adhyāya of the Mīmānsā.

See also karmādhikāra. ⁷ A topic in a book; especially

in grammatical works where it means a precept, rule or

word, heading and applying to a number of particular rules

which follow. Also written adhīkāra. E. kṛ with adhi,

kṛt aff. ghañ.

II. Bahuvr. m. f. (-raḥ-rī) One who has many duties to per-

form, very busy. E. adhi and kāra; in the fem. with aff. ṅīṣ.

Benfey Sanskrit-English Dictionary

☞ p. 15, col. 1.

adhikāra and adhīkāra adhī̆kāra,

i. e. adhi-kṛ + a, m. 1. Superintend-

ence, Vikr. d. 42. 2. Administration.

3. Office, Pañc. 63, 23. 4. Office

of a king. 5. Right, title, Man. 2,

16. 6. Topic, main point. — Comp.

Tāmbūla-, m. the bearer of betel,

an officer, Pañc. 63, 22. Dharma-,

m. administration of justice. Pṛ-

tanā-, adj. relating to battles, MBh.

1, 7166. Samāna-, m. 1. equal duty.

2. generic character. Hṛta-, adj. 1.

deprived of office. 2. deprived of one's

right.

Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (1st ed.)

☞ p. 21, col. 1.

Adhi-kāra, as, m. authority; office; government,

rule, administration, jurisdiction; royalty, prerogative;

title; rank; claim, right, especially to perform sacri-

fices with benefit; privilege; ownership; possession;

property; reference, relation; exertion, effort; a topic,

subject; a paragraph or minor section; (in grammar)

government; a heading-rule; (as, ī), m. f. having

much to superintend. —Adhikāra-stha, as, ā, am,

established in an office. —Adhikārāḍhya (°ra-āḍha°),

as, ā, am, invested with authority.

Lanman’s Sanskrit Reader Vocabulary

☞ p. 115, col. 1.

adhikāra, m. authority; office; duties of office. [√1kṛ + adhi, ‘put over or in office.’]

Cappeller Sanskrit-English Dictionary

☞ p. 13.

adhikāra m. supremacy, authority, government, dignity, rank, office, service; right, title to (loc.), chapter, head; heading-rule (g.).

Macdonell Sanskrit-English Dictionary

☞ p. 10, col. 1.

adhikāra adhi-kāra, m. superintendence,
administration, control, authority; office, post,
dignity; sovereignty; eligibility; claim to
(lc.); striving, endeavour for (lc.); chapter
(on, -°); heading rule to be supplied with following rules
till a new section (gr.); -puruṣa,
m. official; -vat, m. id.; -stha, a. official, in
office; -āḍhya, a. invested with authority.

Monier-Williams Sanskrit-English Dictionary (2nd ed.)

☞ p. 20, col. 3.

adhi-kāra m. authority

☞ p. 20, col. 3.

government, rule, administration, jurisdiction

☞ p. 20, col. 3.

royalty, prerogative

☞ p. 20, col. 3.

title

☞ p. 20, col. 3.

rank

☞ p. 20, col. 3.

office

☞ p. 20, col. 3.

claim, right, especially to perform sacrifices with benefit

☞ p. 20, col. 3.

privilege, ownership

☞ p. 20, col. 3.

property

☞ p. 20, col. 3.

reference, relation

☞ p. 20, col. 3.

a topic, subject

☞ p. 20, col. 3.

a paragraph or minor section

☞ p. 20, col. 3.

(in Gr.) government, a governing-rule (the influence of which over any number of succeeding rules is called anu-vṛtti q.v.)

Śabdasāgara Sanskrit-English Dictionary

☞ p. 18, col. 2.

adhikāra

m. (-raḥ)

1. Authority.

2. Supremacy.

3. Rule, government.
4. Right, title.

5. Property, ownership.

6. Privilege.

7. Duty,
office.

8. A chapter, a section.

9. The use of royal insignia.

10. (In
grammar; Government, the dependance of a form on a previous
one.

E. adhi over, and kāra what makes, from kṛ

with ghañ affix; what
gives or exercises pre-eminence.

Burnouf Dictionnaire Sanscrit-Français

☞ p. 17, col. 2.

adhikāra adhikāra m. (kṛ) privilége fonction dont on est chargé, emploi, dignité.

Bd. acte d'offrande de soi-même au Buddha.

adhikārin, m. dignitaire;

brâhmane qui possède le Veda;

possesseur d'un droit quelconque.

Stchoupak Dictionnaire Sanscrit-Français

☞ p. 22, col. 2.

adhi-kāra- m. inspection; office, charge; charge suprême, gouvernement; loi; fait d'avoir droit ou part, privilège; effort vers; relation; chapitre; -vant- a. employé; -in- id.; propre à, capable, autorisé.

°puruṣa- m. employé; °stha- a. id.

Renou Terminologie grammaticale du Sanskrit

☞ vol. 1, p. 11. ☞ vol. 1, p. 186. ☞ vol. 3, p. 363.

Böhtlingk and Roth Grosses Petersburger Wörterbuch

☞ vol. 1, p. 146.

adhikāra (von kar mit adhi) m.

1) Oberaufsicht, Verwaltung, Amt: strīṣu (über die Frauen des Königs) kaṣṭo 'dhikāraḥ VIKR. 42. yaḥ pauraveṇa dharmādhikāre (Rechtsverwaltung) niyuktaḥ ŚĀK. 13, 23. arthādhikāra die Verwaltung der Gelder HIT. 61, 7. dvīpinastāmbūlādhikāraḥ PAÑCAT. 63, 23. aviśrānto 'yaṃ lokatantrādhikāraḥ ŚĀK. 60, 19. yaḥ sarvādhikāre niyuktaḥ pradhānamantrī sa karotu . yato 'nujīvinā parādhikāracarcā na kartavyā HIT. 49, 18. 19. tulyodyogastava ca savituścādhikāro mato naḥ VIKR. 20. tasmādbrāhmaṇasyaivādhikāro na tu kṣatriyasya ITIH. bei ROSEN zu ṚV. 1, 18. brāhmaṇaḥ kṣatriyo bandhurnādhikāre praśasyate HIT. II, 92.

— 2) die Würde, die Stellung, die man im Leben einnimmt: hṛtādhikārāṃ malinām - vāsayedvyabhicāriṇīm YĀJÑ. 1, 70. bhraṣṭādhikāra adj. PAÑCAT. 9, 19. dantilam - svādhikāre niyojayāmāsa 30, 13. svādhikārapramatto yakṣaḥ MEGH. 1.

— 3) die oberste Würde im Staate, das Herrscheramt: kṣaṇādāyuṣmānsvādhikārabhūmau vartiṣyate ŚĀK. 99, 6. adhikārakhedaṃ nirūpya 61, 17. adhikāreṇa saṃpadaḥ die Güter, die von oben kommen, PAÑCAT. I, 312. brahmiṣṭhamādhāya nije 'dhikāre RAGH. 18, 27.

— 4) Berechtigung, Betheiligung, Ansprüche, Befähigung: athāto 'dhikāraḥ (Opferbefähigung, Sch. : svāmyaṃ phalabhoktṛtayā karmaṇi aiśvaryam) KĀTY. ŚR. 1, 1, 1. yāvatsvamadhikārāt (Sch.: tāsāṃ dohane 'dhikāro 'sti yat) 4, 2, 28. adhikāravidhi liturgische Bestimmung über die durch ein Opfer zu erlangenden Ansprüche MADHUSŪDANA in Ind. St. I, 14, 18. adhikāraviśeṣa specielle Bestimmungen darüber und über die Qualification zum Opfer ders. ebend. I, 19, 7. śūdro 'dhikārahīno 'pi YĀJÑ. 3, 262. mit dem loc.: tasya śāstre 'dhikāro 'smin jñeyo nānyasya kasyacit M. 2. 16. nāsyādhikāro dharme 'sti na dharmātpratiṣedhanam 10, 126. putrasya mātṛdhane 'dhikāraḥ ŚAṄKHA und LIKHITA in DĀY. 127, 9. anyatra punaranadhikāramāha DĀY. 125, 9.

— 5) = prakriyā die Prärogativen des Königs AK. 2, 8, 1, 31. H. 744.

— 6) das Trachten, Bestreben, mit dem loc.: karmaṇyevādhikāraste mā phaleṣu kadā ca na - astu BHAG. 2, 47.

— 7) Bezug, Beziehung: te tatra śūrāḥ kathayāṃbabhūvuḥ kathā vicitrā pṛtanādhikārāḥ MBH. 1, 7166.

— 8) ein Abschnitt in einem Lehrbuch, der der Besprechung eines bestimmten Gegenstandes gewidmet ist: dhātvadhikāra das Kapitel von den Verbalwurzeln P. 1, 2, 4, Sch. So heisst bei den indischen Grammatikern auch der an die Spitze eines neuen Abschnittes gesetzte Gegenstand, über den von nun an gehandelt werden soll und der in allen folgenden Regeln bis zu einem neuen Abschnitt in derselben grammatischen Form, in der er am Anfange aufgeführt wird, zu ergänzen ist, P. 1, 3, 11. Solche Adhikāra's sind z. B. dhātoḥ 3, 1, 91. ādirudāttaḥ 6, 2, 64. āderataḥ VARARUCI, 1, 1 (mit adhikāro 'yam beginnen die Scholien). ayuktasyānādau 2, 1. yuktasya 3, 9 (adhikāro 'yam gehört auch hier zu den Scholien). Im ŚKDR. u. anuvṛtti wird adhikāra geradezu als Synonym von jenem aufgeführt.

— Vgl. adhikaraṇa und adhīkāra .

☞ vol. 5, p. 971.

adhikāra

1) Z. 5 lies aviśrāmo .

— 4) kimihāsti yatestavādhikāraḥ was hast du hier zu schaffen? Verz. d. Oxf. H. 260,a, N., Z. 1.

— Vgl. noch BURNOUF in Lot. de la b. l. 312. fg.

Böhtlingk Sanskrit-Wörterbuch in kürzerer Fassung

☞ vol. 1, p. 33, col. 2.

adhikāra m. (am Ende eines adj. Comp. f. ā)

— 1) Oberaufsicht , Verwaltung , Amt 149,3.

— 2) Berechtigung , Anspruch , Befähigung zu (Loc.).

— 3) *Prärogative eines Fürsten.

— 4) das Trachten nach (Loc.).

— 5) das worauf Etwas bezogen wird ; am Ende eines adj. Comp. bezüglich auf.

— 6) ein der Besprechung eines bestimmten Gegenstandes gewidmeter Abschnitt in einem Lehrbuch , das Kapitel von (geht im Comp. voran) 239,8.

— 7) bei den Grammatikern der an die Spitze eines neuen Abschnittes gesetzte Gegenstand , über den von da an gehandelt werden soll und der in allen folgenden Regeln bis zu einem neuen Abschnitte in derselben grammatischen Form , in der er am Anfange auftritt , zu ergänzen ist. 221,6. 226,25.

Cappeller Sanskrit Wörterbuch

☞ p. 9, col. 2.

adhikāra m. Oberaußicht, Herrscherwürde; Verwaltung, Ausübung, Amt, Dienst; abschnitt, Kapitel von o. über (—°) Leitparagraph (g.)

Bopp Glossarium Sanscritum

☞ p. 7, col. 2.

adhikāra m. (a r. kṛ praef. adhi s. a) munus, officium,

dignitas, administratio. HIT. 49. 17. 18. 61. 7.

Vācaspatyam

☞ p. 127, col. 1.

adhikāra pu0 adhi + kṛ—ghañ . ārambhe, yatheṣṭaṃ krayavikrayā
dikartṛtvasampādake svāmitve, “adhikāraḥ phale svāmyamadhi-
kārī prabhurbhavediti” mīmāṃsokte vihitakarmmaphalasvāmitve,
viniyojyapuruṣasya sambandhe, yathā yājanādikarmaṇi brāhma-
ṇādeḥ, rājñāṃ prajāpālanādau, vaiśyasya kṛṣyādau, śūdrasya
dvijasevāyām, “naimittiko'yaṃ prāyaścittādhikāra” iti
mitākṣarā . svāmitve—“sarvve syuradhikāriṇa” iti smṛtiḥ .
tatra ca vaidikādikarmasu karttavyatājñānādhīnapravṛttiheturadhi-
kāraḥ . yathā yājanādau brāhmaṇasyetyādi . śūdrasya nādhya-
yanādiṣvadhikāraḥ yathoktaṃ “niṣekādiśmaśānānto yasya vedo-
dito vidhiḥ . tasya śāstre'dhikāro'sminnānyasyaiva kadācaneti”
manunā . na kevalam adhyayane śūdrāṇāmadhikāraḥ yāgā-
dāvapyanadhikāraḥ yathoktaṃ jaiminīyasūtrabhāṣyādau . “cātu-
rvarṇyamaviśeṣāt” ityāśaṅkya “nirddeśādvā trayāṇāṃ syāda-
gnyādheye hyasambandhaḥ kratuṣu brāhmaṇaśrutirityātreya” iti .
“vāśabdaḥ pakṣaṃ vyāvarttayati, “trayāṇām” adhikāraḥ
syāt kutaḥ? agnyādheye nirdeśāt agnyādheye trayāṇāṃ
nirddeśo bhavati, “vasante brāhmaṇo'gnimādadhīta, grīṣme
rājanyaḥ, śaradi vaiśyaḥ” iti śūdrasya ādhāne śrutirnāsti
ityanagniḥ śūdraḥ asamartho'gnihotrādi nirvattayitum .
tasmāt “agnihotraṃ juhuyāt svargakāmaḥ” ityevamādiṣu
śūdrasya prāṣikā śrutirnāsti . brāhmaṇādīn evādhikṛtya
sā pravarttate, te hi samarthā agnimattvāt, āhavanīyādayo
na śūdrasya, avidhānāt, saṃskāraśabdatvācca āhavanīyā-
dīnām . tasmāt anadhikṛto'gnihotrādiṣu śūdraḥ ityā-
treyaḥ manyate sma” iti bhā0 . tathā karmapratipādaka sarvaśāstra
vihitakarmasu manuṣyāṇāmevādhikāraḥ na tiraścāṃ na vā
devādīnāṃ yathoktaṃ tatraiva “phalārthatvāt karmaṇaḥ śāstraṃ sarvā-
dhikāraṃ syāt” ityāśaṅkya “kartturvā śrutisaṃyogādvidhiḥ
kārtsnyena gamyate” iti sū0 “vāśabdaḥ pakṣaṃ vyāvarttayati .
na caitadasti tiryagādīnāmapi adhikāraḥ iti . kasya
tarhi? . yaḥ samarthaḥ kṛtsnaṃ karma abhinirvarttayitum . na
caite, śaknuvanti tiryagādayaḥ kṛtsnaṃ karmmābhinirvarttayitum,
tasmāt eṣāṃ na sukhasyābhyupāyaḥ karma, kathaṃ yo na śakyate
karttum, so'bhyupāyaḥ syāt? iti . na devānāṃ, devatā-
ntarābhāvāt na hi ātmānam uddiśya tyāgaḥ sambhavati,
tyāga evāsau na syāt, na ṛṣīṇām, ārṣeyābhāvāt
na bhṛgvādayo bhṛgvādibhiḥ sagotrā bhavanti, na caiṣāṃ
sāmarthyaṃ pratyakṣam . “api ca tiryyañco na kālāntara-
phalena arthinaḥ, āsannaṃ hi kāmayante . “nanu ca
uktaṃ, kālāntaraphalārthinaḥ tiraścaḥ paśyāmaḥ, śunaḥ
śyenāṃścaturddaśyām aṣṭamyāṃ ca upavasataḥ” iti ucyate
na janmāntaraphalārthina upavasanti . “katham avagamyate?
vedādhyayanābhāvāt, ye vedamadhīyate te etadviduḥ, “idaṃ
karma kṛtvā, idaṃ phalamamutra prāpnoti iti” na caite veda-
madhīyate, nāpi smṛtiśāstrāṇi, nāpyanyebhyaḥ avagacchanti,
tasmāt na vidanti dharmam . avidvāṃsaḥ katham anuti-
ṣṭheyuḥ, tasmāt na dharmmāya upavasanti iti . kimarthaśca
tarhyeṣām upavāsaḥ? . ucyate, rogāt arucire-
ṣām . kathaṃ punarniyate kāle rogo bhavati? . ucyate
niyatakālā api rogā bhavanti yathā tṛtīyakāścāturthakā-
śceti . tasmāt manuṣyāṇām adhikāraḥ iti . na ca
tiraścāṃ dravyaparigrahaḥ, na hi ete dravyaṃ svecchayā upa-
yuñjānā dṛśyante, tasmāt anīśānā dhanasya . yattu, deva-
grāmo hastigrāmaḥ iti, upacāramātraṃ tat . tasmāt
api na tiraścām adhikāraḥ iti . yāni puna-
rliṅgāni, “devā vai satramāsata” ityevamādīni, arthavādāḥ
te vidhiprarocanārthāḥ . vidyate hi vidhiranyaḥ teṣu sarveṣu,
na ca vidhervidhinaikyavākyabhāvo bhavati, vacanavyaktibhedāt .
stutistu sā, itthaṃ nāma satrāṇi āsitavyāni, yat
kṛtakṛtyā api āsate devāḥ, āsannacetanā api tiryañcaḥ,
acetanā api vanaspatayaḥ, kimaṅga punarvidvāṃso manuṣyā”
iti bhā0 . brahmavidyāyāntu sarveṣāṃ devādīnāmadhikāra
iti “taduparyyapi vādarāyaṇaḥ sambhavāt” iti śā0 sūtreṇa
vyavasthāpitaṃ, vyākhyātañcaitat śaṅkarācāryyeṇa yathā “bāḍhaṃ
manuṣyānadhikārotu śāstraṃ na tu manuṣyānevetīha brahmavijñāne
niyamo'sti teṣāṃ manuṣyāṇāmupariṣṭāt ye devādayastāna-
pyadhikaroti śāstramiti bādarāyaṇa ācāryyo manyate
kasmāt? sambhavāt . sambhavati hi teṣāmapyarthitatvādyadhi-
kārakāraṇam . tatrārthitvaṃ tāvat mokṣaviṣayaṃ devādīnā-
mapi, sambhavati vikāraviṣayavibhūtyanityatālocanādinimi-
ttam . tathā sāmarthyamapi teṣāṃ sambhavati mantrārthavādeti-
hāsapurāṇalokebhyo vigrahavattvādyavagamāt . naca teṣāṃ
kaścit pratiṣedho'sti . nacopanayanādiśāstreṇaiṣāmadhikāro
nivarttitaḥ upanayanasya vedādhyayanārtha tvāt teṣāñca svayaṃ-
pratibhātavedatvāt . api caiṣāṃ vidyāgrahaṇārthaṃ brahma-
caryyādi darśayati “ekaśataṃ ha vai varṣāṇi maghavān prajāpatau
brahmacaryyamuvāsa” “bhṛgurvai vāruṇirvaruṇaṃ pitaramupasasāda
adhīhi bhagavo! brahmetyādi” . yadapi karmasvanadhikārakāraṇa-
muktam, na devānāṃ, devatāntarābhāvāt . na ṛṣīṇāmā-
rṣeyāntarābhāvāditi . na tadvidyāsvasti na hīndrādīnāṃ
vidyāsvadhikriyamāṇānāmindrādyuddeśena kiñcit kṛtyamasti
na ca bhṛgvādīnāṃ bhṛgvādisagotratayā . tasmāddevādīnā-
mapi vidyāsvadhikāraḥ kena vāryyeta? iti” . tataśca
vidvattva karmaphalārthitva—tattatkarmakaraṇasamarthatvāparyyudastatvāni
adhikāraprayojakānīti siddham tatrāpi vidhānena sarva-
karmatyāgarūpe sannyāse viprasyaivādhikāra iti sarvavādi-
sammatam dvijamātrāṇāmadhikāra iti keṣāñcinmatam .
adhikamākare dṛśyam . kvaciccādhikṛtasyādhikāraḥ .
yathā darśādyadhikṛtasya prayājādiṣvadhikāraḥ “pradhā-
nādhikārī aṅgādhikārī bhavatīti” nyāyāt . “tāmbū-
lādhikāro datta iti” hito0 . “hṛtādhikārāṃ
malināmiti” smṛtiḥ . karmaṇi ghañ . “karttavye
“svādhikāre pramatta” iti megha0 . prakaraṇe, vyākaraṇa-
śāstre pūrvasūtropāttapadāderuttaratra sūtreṣu anuvarttane .
“adhikāro'yam ā pañcamādhyāyasamāpteriti” si0 kau0 .
tatrādhikāraśca pratyayādikarmmādyarthamuttarottarasūtreṣu pūrvva-
sūtropāttaśabdasyānuvarttanam . yathā “pratyayaḥ, paraśca”
iti sūtropāttapratyayaparaśabdayoḥ ā pañcamādhyāyasamāpteḥ
sarvvatra sūtreṣu anuvarttanam . sa cādhikāraḥ trividhaḥ
“siṃhāvalokitaṃ caiva maṇḍūkaplutameva ca . gaṅgāpravāhava-
ccāpi adhikārastridhā mata” ityuktabhedatrayāt .
tadudāharaṇantu vyākaraṇe'vagamyam . niyojyatayā viṣayī-
karaṇe, “sarvvādhikāraṃ śāstramiti” jai0 sū0 . tadabhiprāyeṇa
“vāḍhaṃ manuṣyānadhikārotu śāstra” miti manuṣyādhikāra
tvācchāstrasyeti” ca śa0 bhā0 . sarvamadhikaroti karmmaṇyupa-
pade aṇ evameva manuṣyādhikāratvādityatrāpi

Edgerton Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Dictionary

☞ p. 12, col. 1.

adhikāra , m., (= Pali id.), service, respectful duty

performed towards another, usually a superior (and esp. a

Buddha); Senart Mv i.402, note on i.37.11--12, renders

offrande, and so Suzuki on Laṅk 6.3 offerings. No doubt

the ‘service’ often included or consisted of offerings; but

that this was not necessarily so is proved by SP 111.12

bahūhi kāryehi kṛtādhikārāḥ, said of merchants (vāṇijāḥ)

employed by a wealthy capitalist who do service (to him)

with many business-operations (certainly not offerings,

kāryehi!). The cpd. kṛtādhikāra (Pali katā°) is very

common and in BHS most often refers to services per-

formed for present or past Buddhas: SP 49.13; Laṅk 6.3

(kṛtādhikārā buddheṣu kariṣyanty adhunā ca vai); Mv

ii.288.8; iii.263.12; purima-jina-kṛtādhikāra LV 393.6;

Mv ii.312.5; sumahantā adhikārā mayā kṛtā (to former

Buddhas) Mv iii.241.12; (bhagavato…) adhikāraṃ

kartuṃ Mv i.37.12;…kṛtvā Mv i.44.14; prasannādhikāra,

service tendered by one who is kindly disposed, i.e. service

of friendship, Divy 305.7; 308.20 ff.

Indian Epigraphical Glossary

☞ p. 6.

Adhikāra, cf. Tamil Adigāram (EI 25); same as Adhikārin

(SII 1), explained as ‘a magistrate’.

Tāntrikābhidhānakośa

☞ vol. 1, p. 105.