adhiḥ [
ādhīyate duḥkhamanena ādhā ki vā pṛ.
thasvaḥ]
1 Mental pain or agony. See
ādhiḥ 2 A woman in her courses. (=
avi.)
— ind. 1 (As a prefix to verbs) over, above; (
adhikāra);
°sthā to stand over;
°kṛ to place over or at the head of;
°ruh to grow over or above; over and above, besides, in addition (
ādhikya); fully, completely (
atiśaya,
viśeṣa), to get something in addition to another;
adhigatyajagatyadhīśvarāt having obtained fully,
adhi intensifying the meaning of the root;
ito vā sātimīmahe divo vā pārthivādadhi Rv. 1. 6. 10; (
adhīmahe ādhikyena yācāmahe).
2 (As a separable adverb) Over, above, from above (mostly Vedic);
ṣaṣṭirvīrāso adhi ṣaṭ Rv. 7. 18. 14.
3 (As a preposition) with
acc. (
a) Above, over, upon, in (
upari);
yaṃ daṃtamadhijāyate nāḍī taṃ daṃtamuddharet Suśr. adhyadhi just above;
lokānuparyuparyāste'dho'dho'dhyadhi ca mādhavaḥ Bopadeva; with
gen. also;
ye nākasyādhi rocane divi Rv. 1. 19. 6 above the sun;
°viṭapi Śi. 7. 35;
°tvat 7. 41;
°rajani 52 at night. (
b) With reference to, concerning, in the case of, on the subject of (
adhikṛtya) (mostly in adverbial compounds in this sense);
harau iti adhihari; so
adhistri;
kṛṣṇamadhikṛtya pravṛttā kathā adhikṛṣṇaṃ; so
°jyotiṣaṃ, °lokaṃ, °daivaṃ, °daivataṃ treating of stars &c.;
°puraṃdhri Śi. 6. 32 in the case of women. (
c) (With
abl.) Just over, more than (
adhika);
sattvādadhi mahānātmā Kaṭh.;
aviditādadhi Ken. (
d) (With
loc.) Over, on or upon, above (showing lordship or sovereignty over something) (
aiśvarya);
adhirīśvare P. I. 4. 97;
adhi bhuvi rāmaḥ P. II. 3. 9
Sk. Rāma rules over the earth; the country ruled over may be used with
loc. of ‘ruler’;
adhi rāme bhūḥ ibid.; (
pb)
prahāravarmaṇyadhi videhā jātāḥ Dk. 77 subject to, under the government of, become the property or possession of (
adhi denoting
svatva in this case); under, inferior to (
hīna);
adhi harau surāḥ (
Bopadeva) the gods are under Hari.
4 (As first member of Tatpuruṣa compounds) (
a) Cheif, supreme, principal, presiding;
°devatā presiding deity;
°rājaḥ supreme or sovereign ruler;
°patiḥ supreme lord &c. (
b) Redundant, superfluous (growing over another);
°daṃtaḥ =
adhyārūḍhaḥ (
daṃtasyopari jātaḥ)
daṃtaḥ P. VI. 2. 188. (
c) Over, excessive;
°adhikṣepaḥ high censure. According to G.
M. adhi has these senses:
adhiradhyayanaiśvaryavaśitvasmaraṇādhike . e. g.;
upādhyāyādadhīte;
iṅo'dhyayanārthakatvasya adhidyotakaḥ; adhipatiḥ (
aiśvarye);
adhīnaḥ (
vaśitve)
adhigataḥ inaṃ;
māturadhyeti (
smaraṇe);
adhikaṃ (
adhike). In the Veda
adhi is supposed by
B. and R. to have the senses of ‘out of’, ‘from,’ ‘of,’ ‘among,’ ‘before’, ‘beforehand’, ‘for’, ‘in favour of’, ‘in’ ‘at’.