AṢṬAVIVĀHA (S). Eight kinds of marriage. (1) Brāhma (2) Daiva (3) Ārṣa (4) Prājāpatya (5) Gāndharva (6) Āsura (7) Rākṣasa (8) Paiśāca. Brāhma is the one where the father gives her daughter with sacred water to a bachelor without accepting anything in return. When the father gives his daughter to the priest at the time of a yāga it is called Daiva. It is Ārṣa if the father gives the daughter and gets in return a cow or bullock. When the father gives the daughter with her blessings it is Prājāpatya. The marriage between two lovers is Gān- dharva. It is Āsura when the male takes his mate by force and it is Paiśācika (most cruel and mean) when the girl is taken as his wife when she is in a state of unconsciousness.